At 1114 Hours Hong Kong SAR- Beijing Time on wintery 15th January 2023 , China- People’s Republic of China- CNSA –China National Space Administration Successfully launched the New Next Generation Long March – Chang Zheng 2D modified Yao 71 carrier rocket at the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center Shanxi Province rocket successfully launched the group 14 satellites…
Launching successfully of the 14 satellites into its determine orbit with The Next Generation Chang Zheng- Long March 2D Yao 71 Carrier Rocket carpooling method, a total of 14 satellites including 6 satellites of Jilin-1 were successfully launched into space, and the satellites entered the predetermined orbit smoothly, and the launch mission was a complete success.
In which the payload of satellites Qilu 2, Qilu 3, Luojia 3 01 star, Golden Bauhinia Satellite 3, 4, 6, Jilin 1 MF02A 03, 04, 07 star, Gaofen 03D 34 star, Haihe 1, Wofu A total of 14 satellites including Mann, Beiyou No. 1 and Tianzhi No. 2 D-star were accurately sent into the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was a complete success.
This mission is to try the commercial “carpooling” launch mode of the Generation Chang Zheng- Long March 2D Yao 71 Carrier Rocket model. The 14 satellites come from 7 research and development units were accurately sent into the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was a complete success.
The “Huashui No. 1” satellite (“Jilin No. 1” MF02A07 star) is a light and small high-resolution multi-mode optical remote sensing satellite for smart water conservancy jointly developed by 长光集团科技有限公司and North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power. It is the first in the country It is the first inland water remote sensing satellite and the first optical satellite of the “Huashui Constellation”. The satellite can obtain sub-meter-level high-resolution remote sensing images, and has multi-mode imaging capabilities such as push-broom, video, night light, and stereo. Environmental protection and water disaster emergency provide efficient means of intelligent perception, and play an important role in the high-quality development of water conservancy in my country’s new stage.
“Wofman” satellite and “Haihe-1” satellite (“Jilin-1” infrared A07~08 satellites) are new observation small satellites jointly developed by Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. and Tianjin Yunyao Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd. Based on the development of the “Tianjin University No. 1” satellite, this series of satellites has been mass-produced and adaptively designed. The payload is a long-wave infrared camera, which can perform infrared imaging on the atmosphere, ocean and land. It has a short development cycle and high integration. , light weight, small size, high cost performance and so on.
The “Jilin-1” high-resolution 03D34 satellite is a light and small high-resolution optical remote sensing satellite independently developed by Changguang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. It is an important achievement of the company’s implementation of the concept of mass production. The satellite adopts the concept of integrated design of the load platform, which has the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, low weight and high index.
“Jilin No. 1” MF02A03, 04, and 07 stars are a flexible satellite carrying platform. This series of satellites can perform flexible single-unit conversion according to the integration requirements of different loads. It has high integration, strong carrying capacity, light weight and low cost. specialty. The Aurora 1000 intelligent computing three-computer cluster developed by the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences this time is developed using commercial high-performance device systems such as domestic CPUs and neural network processors of the Academy of Sciences. To verify key technologies such as on-board containerization, non-stop fault tolerance, and plug-and-play computing power units; The second consecutive deployment of the technical verification of the “Tianyun” virtual constellation system of the Institute of Computing.
In addition, the MF02A03 and MF02A07 satellites are equipped with GNSS occultation detection payloads independently developed by Tianjin Yunyao Aerospace. The meteorological products of the payloads can be applied to numerical weather, magnetic storm monitoring, earthquake prediction and other fields.
After the six “Jilin-1” satellites launched this time are put into orbit, they can provide a wealth of remote sensing data and product services for agriculture, forestry, meteorology, oceanography, resources, environmental protection, urban construction, and scientific experiments.
This mission is the 24th launch of the “Jilin-1” satellite project.
Golden Bauhinia 6 weighs 50kg and has a resolution of 1m Golden Bauhinia Satellite 6 is the first cooperation between the 509th Institute of the Eighth Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Ganghang Space Technology Co., Ltd. in satellite development, and 509th Institute is responsible for the overall design of the satellite and the status of subsystems Confirmed, and also participated in the test and launch mission of this type of satellite.
Golden Bauhinia Satellite 6 is equipped with a panchromatic camera with a resolution of 1m. The whole satellite weighs only 50kg. It has the characteristics of high resolution, fast data transmission, and low development cost. It is mainly used for the national land census of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Urban planning and disaster prevention and reduction and other fields. The users of the satellite are Ganghang Science (Shenzhen) Space Technology Co., Ltd. and Shandong Industrial Technology Research Institute.
The satellite data transmission system adopts a highly integrated design, which integrates large-capacity solid storage, power amplifiers, and modulators into a single machine, realizing high-bit-rate data transmission to the ground. The satellite inherits the flexible and precise technical characteristics of the “exquisite” series of micro-nano satellites, and relies on the high mobility and high-precision control of the satellite platform to realize the satellite’s precise pointing to the ground and realize lightweight, low-cost, high-performance data transmission system. Relying on the powerful simulation design capabilities of the 509 Institute, the research and development team used the simulation results to continuously optimize the design of the entire satellite, and achieved zero counterweight and zero magnetic compensation for the satellite under the conditions of limited launch size and weight.
Luojia-3 01 star has a total weight of 245 kg, and the payload is a high-resolution video camera with a sub-satellite point spatial resolution of 0.7 meters, which can realize multiple imaging modes of video, push frame and push broom. The satellite has an open on-orbit processing software and hardware platform on the satellite. Through the dynamic deployment of the application program APP, scientific experiments on the on-orbit processing and real-time transmission of remote sensing data are carried out. Through the integration with the ground Internet and 5G, real-time intelligent services for remote sensing information of user terminals are realized.
The satellite relies on the National Natural Science Foundation of China’s “Spatial Information Network Basic Theory and Key Technologies” major plan integration project “Space-based information network on-orbit processing and comprehensive integration demonstration and verification of real-time transmission”, led by Wuhan University, aerospace Dongfanghong satellite Co., Ltd., Tsinghua University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Spatial Information Transmission Center and Luhai Space (Yantai) Information Technology Co., Ltd., aiming to carry out the real environment based on the previous theoretical research and technological achievements of the spatial information network. The remote sensing information “fast, accurate, and flexible” application integration demonstration and verification has occupied the commanding heights of the core theory and technological breakthroughs of the space information network, and has made technical preparations for promoting my country’s next space-based Internet real-time intelligent service of aerospace information.
Luojia-3 01 satellite will serve as the “Shuangqing-1” scientific experiment satellite platform of the National Natural Science Foundation of China to provide an open satellite on-orbit experimental verification environment for scientific research institutions across the country; The first experimental verification satellite of the Wisdom Eye Constellation Project verifies the constellation’s “communication and remote control” and the key technologies of on-orbit data processing, laying a technical foundation and data reference for the subsequent construction planning, layout construction and satellite development of the Oriental Wisdom Eye Constellation Project.
Intelligent remote sensing, as the name suggests, is to change the passive information acquisition mode of push-broom observation along the orbit in the past, and upgrade it to an information acquisition mode that can be processed independently and in real time on the satellite according to individual observation needs, so as to realize accurate push of high-attention observation information and direct satellite observation. Generate level 2 or above remote sensing image products online, greatly improving the timeliness and value of space-based information. The 508 Institute of the Fifth Academy has customized a 0.7m resolution high-definition video camera for the intelligent remote sensing satellite 01 (Figure 4). Although the camera weighs less than 50 kilograms and has a volume of no more than 1 cubic meter, its good vision can be called light and small The professional leader in the camera field. It has high-quality imaging quality, efficient and rich imaging modes, and a highly integrated electronic system. These capabilities will enable the transformation and upgrading of optical remote sensing from the digitalization of current observation information to the intelligentization of future system links.
Double the performance of multi-mode collection: the intelligent remote sensing satellite 01 star camera can make the image screen move. It can not only perform routine agile push-broom imaging on space orbits, but also video gaze. Combined with the unique on-orbit real-time processing and application terminal real-time transmission of intelligent remote sensing satellite 01, it can truly realize space live broadcast and ensure that every wonderful moment is not missed. At the same time, it adopts global shutter technology, even when observing a moving train, there will be no smear, which enhances the visual experience.
Multi-view stereo space 3D: Using the high stability of photogrammetry parameters under the precise thermal control of the camera, combined with the agile maneuverability of the satellite for multi-angle observation, it can form a combination of image pairs with various base-to-height ratio configurations to achieve accurate three-dimensional mapping of local areas. Let the mountains and valleys and urban buildings be presented in 3D realistically.
Professional lens bright and light: Optical lens is the key guarantee for the excellent vision of space cameras. During the development process, researchers overcame the difficulties of primary and secondary mirror sensitivity brought about by the high Nyquist frequency of the optical telescopic system, made breakthroughs in high-surface optical processing technology, high-lightweight optical-mechanical support design, and consistent gravity unloading and adjustment. and other technologies to achieve high optical performance of the lens, and the lightweight level is more than 50% lighter than the same type of high-precision lens.
Massive throughput of the micro-focus plane: The imaging scale of the camera is 100 million pixels, which makes a single area scan photo enough to shock people. At the same time, the large amount of data generated by the high frame rate staring of the large area array can also be processed and cached on the micro-focus plane weighing only a few hundred grams, which greatly reduces the data transmission and storage pressure between the satellite platform and the camera.
The space gimbal is not afraid of shaking: the telephoto lens cannot tolerate a little shaking, otherwise the photo will be blurred. And if you want to watch the earth clearly in space, you cannot do without high stability. The intelligent remote sensing satellite 01 satellite camera united with the satellite platform to carry out collaborative vibration isolation, systematically dismantling and exploring the vibration characteristics of various imaging modes, breaking through efficient vibration source attenuation and transmission suppression methods, and creating a quiet and stable high-resolution observation environment.
Support on-orbit expansion of users: The satellite uses a high-performance hardware processing platform based on the smart phone design model, and an open software platform is designed on the star, which can flexibly deploy intelligent processing APPs for different applications on the star (similar to the smart phone installation) APP), drawing on the Internet service model to provide services to users, users can directly receive remote sensing images processed in real time on orbit on their mobile phones.
Support autonomous mission planning on the satellite: users only need to send information such as the latitude and longitude of the target point and data transmission window to the satellite, and the satellite can independently complete tasks such as imaging mission planning, image acquisition, on-orbit processing, and image downloading.
Support APP software on-orbit fast injection: the satellite has designed a high-speed injection channel specially for APP on-orbit injection, supports APP installation, operation, uninstallation, update and other operations on-orbit, and can continuously expand the satellite’s service by enriching the space-borne APP Image information service capabilities.
Based on the above functional design, the cooperation between the satellite and the ground system can build an information intelligent service link from the satellite to the ground terminal according to the needs of users, and then realize the goal of providing real-time/near real-time remote sensing information services for mobile terminals (mobile phones) of various users .
In the future, on the basis of the in-orbit verification of the intelligent remote sensing satellite 01, Aerospace Dongfanghong will further expand the user market, form a constellation of intelligent satellites, and make remote sensing services truly accessible to the public.
[The 19kg-heavy Tianzhi-2 D star has a computing power of up to 40 trillion times per second] Tianzhi-2 D star (Rizhao No. 3 satellite, Figure 1-3) is the 01 star of the software-defined shared constellation. The software-defined micro-satellite developed by Hangsheng Satellite and the Software Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is dedicated to the on-orbit verification and shared application of key technologies of software-defined optical remote sensing satellites.
The two scientific satellites of Golden Bauhinia No. 3/4 (Figure 4) are 3U nano-satellites customized by Hangsheng Satellite according to customer needs. They mainly complete the on-orbit verification of chip and micro-optical remote sensing technology. , low price and short period of significant cost-effective advantages.
“Different from previous satellites, the Tianzhi-2 D star no longer has a separate satellite system, attitude control, and digital control system.” Zhao Junsuo, a researcher at the Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that thanks to the onboard computing power of up to 40TOPS (Tera Operations Per Second, trillion operations per second), the satellite software realizes full deployment on the unified micro-cloud computing platform for the first time, and then drives intelligent scheduling and computing.
“Tianzhi 2” D star adopts the innovative architecture design of intelligent computing engine + switch + intelligent components for the first time in terms of hardware. As a “hub”, the switch connects various computing engines to the top, and connects super-resolution cameras, wide-field cameras, measurement and control magnets, inertial measurement units and other components to the bottom, forming a new model of “joint control and joint use”.
“The advantage of ‘joint control and joint use’ is that it not only reduces the complexity of interface design, but also improves the utilization rate of storage and computing resources.” Zhao Junsuo said, “Tianzhi II” D star has a small size and large energy, which can be improved during design. Requirements, adopting a compact structure, while ensuring high space-borne computing power and achieving meter-level ground resolution, the body is only 19 kg.
“Tianzhi 2” D star adopts Tianzhi software stack with open system architecture in software design. According to Zhao Junsuo, similar to the “Android” concept in the mobile phone system, it has a good openness and is equipped with a special integrated platform for development, operation and maintenance, which can be quickly iterated and continuously evolved, thereby continuously improving the intelligence level of satellites in orbit.
This system greatly reduces the “threshold” for satellite applications to be uploaded to space for testing: satellite applications only need to be uploaded to the system, and the satellite attitude can be automatically adjusted according to the shooting task, and the image data can be processed in real time on-orbit using artificial intelligence technology , automatically select the ground station and establish a connection to download the ground at the first time. Therefore, the difficulty of ground missions on the D star of “Tianzhi II” will be greatly reduced, and the timeliness of information will also be greatly improved.
According to reports, after the “Tianzhi-2” D star enters orbit, it will carry out a new generation of intelligent satellite architecture and space-based intelligent software stack verification tests in orbit for the first time to evaluate the in-orbit application efficiency of multi-party algorithms and models. During the in-orbit period, the joint research and development unit Space-based Integrated Information System Key Laboratory (software assembly), Hunan Hangsheng (hardware assembly), National Defense University, Beijing Maiya, Tianxieli, Xi’an Huanyu, Tianjin Yunyao, etc. Members of the Software Defined Satellite Technology Alliance jointly manage and share use.
According to Zhao Junsuo, the Institute of Software of the Chinese Academy of Sciences will work with members of the software-defined satellite technology alliance to develop more new technology test satellites, build Tianzhi test constellations, and accelerate the evolution of Tianzhi software stack, Tianzhi protocol stack and other software-defined satellite technologies. Carry out continuous technological innovation activities for mega-constellation construction and operation and maintenance
[Beiyou No. 1 is the first main star of Tiansuan constellation] Beiyou No. 1 satellite adopts the third-generation high-reliability integrated electronics platform of 天仪研究院, which can achieve a design life of 3-5 years according to redundant configuration, attitude control pointing The highest accuracy is 0.01°, and the main performance indicators are superior to similar international satellite platforms. It can be used as a long-term stable and reliable on-orbit test platform to provide universities, scientific research institutes and commercial enterprises with extremely cost-effective on-orbit science and technology verification services.
The Beiyou-1 satellite is equipped with the “Tiansu Constellation” distributed intelligent computing platform jointly developed by the team of Professor Wang Shangguang of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications and Tianyi Research Institute.
As the first main star of the “Tiansu Constellation”, its main task will be used to build the core nodes and test tasks of the “Tiansu Constellation” open source platform for aerospace computing on-orbit testing. The planned on-orbit deployment and development include: Distributed Spaceborne AI reasoning, spaceborne 5G core network V4, eBPF-based lightweight network elements, satellite-ground link reliability testing, spaceborne network protocol proxy, real-time video streaming, satellite-ground link transmission performance measurement, satellite-ground collaboration Time-series data management technology, low-orbit satellite encrypted channel data transmission technology, multi-space crowd sensing task allocation technology, and “satellite-ground” link adaptive transmission technology research, space-ground collaborative IP-optical fusion networking verification experiment, low Experimental verification of advanced technologies such as AI-based video streaming transmission and satellite application capability open platform in orbiting satellite scenarios.
In addition, the Beiyou-1 satellite is also equipped with a commercial camera lens module and two satellite payloads (GRID-07, GRID-08B) of the “Tiange Project” cooperation group.
The two “Tiange Project” satellite payloads carried this time are based on the technical solutions openly shared by Tsinghua University in the “Tiange Project” cooperation group. Among them, the GRID-07 payload was developed by Beijing Normal University, and the GRID-08B payload was developed by Nanjing University, Jointly developed by Sichuan University and completed by Tiange student teams from various schools, it is planned to carry out joint observations with the previously launched “Tiange Project” on-orbit payloads to detect gamma-ray bursts, solar activities, pulsars, etc. Conduct continuous on-orbit observation and analysis.
This is the 16th space mission of Tianyi Research Institute. So far, Tianyi has successfully launched a total of 26 satellites, including China’s first commercial SAR satellite “Haisi-1” and “Chaohu-1”. The trouble-free flight time in orbit exceeds 15,000 days, helping scientists complete dozens of space scientific research breakthroughs, and the results have been published in the top international journal “Nature” for many times, and took the lead in realizing the mass production, networking and on-orbit commercial operation of domestic commercial SAR satellites , providing tens of thousands of satellite remote sensing images for the Ministry of Emergency Response, the Ministry of Natural Resources and other ministries, as well as relevant international organizations such as the United Nations, to help build a global emergency and security system.
Images and visuals are from their Respectives CMS China Manned SpaceCNSA-China National Space Administration
