Category: Chinese Culture

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 | #CMS #ChinaMannedSpace #BRI #March2025 | #Shenzhou #Takionaut #王亞平 # WangYaping  #Tiangong #ChinaSpaceStation updates #LunarMission #Moonwalk goal on the#两会 #TwoSessions Member of the #CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference… #Beijing #TheGreatHallofThePeople

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On the Month of March 2025, China, People’s Republic of China, it’s the world’s number one most important event it’s the两会 Two Sessions in which last out Ten Days straight  starting out on the 6th March 2024 ..  The Two Sessions (Chinese: 两会) is the collective term for the Chinese government’s annual plenary sessions of the National People’s Congress (NPC) and of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), which are typically both held every March at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing around the same …

During the two sessions of the One of many asspects is China-People’s Republic of China’s Space Program, also Space Sciences, Space Exploration of CNSA –China National Space Administration one of many core aspect it’s Direction..

王亞平 Wang Yaping  Colonel – Takionaut  Shenzhou 10/13 Mission internationally Known as China’s First Teacher ….  During the two sessions of 2024, Takionaut Wang Yaping aims for moonwalk, shares space station research progress and astronaut preparation mindset. Completed spacewalk in Shenzhou-13 mission, now focused on continuous training for readiness.

[ 王亚平 Wang Yaping  picks the brightest stars in space ]

Wang Yaping: Preparing for the moon landing! What preparations is she making? When will she land on the moon?

Wang Yaping: Preparing for the moon landing! What preparations is she making? When will she land on the moon? Will she be among the first Taikonauts to land on the moon?

Among the Chinese Taikonauts, Wang Yaping has always been a popular figure. During this year’s two sessions, Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping once again became the focus of media attention. When asked by reporters whether she had plans to go to the moon, she smiled and replied: “We are preparing! We are training and preparing for the moon landing!”

These brief and powerful words not only revealed Wang Yaping’s positive attitude towards future space missions, but also triggered widespread speculation among the public as to whether she would become one of the first Taikonauts to land on the moon.

After the interview video was released on CCTV.com, netizens left comments saying that it was indeed appropriate and it would not be surprising if she went! Someone said, “She should be the first to go to the moon because she is Chang’e. It would be a little less interesting if there was no Chang’e on the moon!”

Let’s first review Wang Yaping’s space experience: As an outstanding representative of China’s space industry, Wang Yaping’s space journey is full of legends. She was born in 1980 and has been yearning for the sky since she was a child. In 2001, Wang Yaping graduated from the Air Force Changchun Flight Academy and became an excellent pilot. In her flying career, she has not only accumulated rich flying experience, but also tempered her tenacious will and excellent emergency response capabilities.

In 2010, Wang Yaping was selected as one of the second batch of Chinese Taikonauts. She knows that being an astronaut is not only an honor, but also a responsibility and mission. Therefore, she sets extremely high standards for herself, constantly studies and trains, and strives to improve her professional skills and physical and mental qualities.

In 2013, Wang Yaping embarked on her first space journey. As one of the crew members of the Shenzhou 10 spacecraft, she lived in space for 15 days with her comrades Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaoguang. During this time, she not only participated in a number of scientific experiments and technical tests, but also successfully conducted China’s first space lecture, inspiring countless young people’s love and yearning for space travel.

In 2021, Wang Yaping once again embarked on a space journey. As the commander of the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft, she stayed in the Chinese space station for 6 months with her comrades Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu. During this period, she not only completed a number of complex scientific experiments and technical verifications, but also participated in the daily maintenance and management of the space station, demonstrating the outstanding ability and professionalism of Chinese Taikonauts.

So, what preparations is she making for the moon landing? Combined with the training required for the moon landing, it probably includes the following aspects:

 1. Physical training: The lunar mission requires extremely high physical fitness of Taikonauts. Wang Yaping needs to undergo high-intensity physical training, including aerobic exercise, strength training, balance training, etc., to improve her endurance, strength and coordination. These trainings will help her cope with various complex environments and tasks on the moon.

2. Professional skills training: The lunar mission requires Taikonauts to master a number of professional skills, such as spacecraft control, scientific experiment operation, emergency response, etc. Wang Yaping needs to participate in a series of professional training courses to learn and master these skills. At the same time, she also needs to be familiar with the characteristics of the moon’s geology, climate, environment, etc., in order to better complete the scientific exploration mission.

 3. Psychological adjustment training: The space environment also places extremely high demands on the psychological quality of Taikonauts. Wang Yaping needs to undergo psychological adjustment training to learn how to maintain a positive and optimistic attitude in a long-term closed, lonely and high-pressure environment. This will help her stay calm and deal with various challenges calmly during the lunar mission.

 4. Simulation training: In order to simulate the lunar environment more realistically, Wang Yaping needs to participate in a series of simulation training. These trainings include walking, operating, and repairing tasks in a simulated lunar gravity environment, as well as geological surveys and scientific experiments on a simulated lunar surface. These trainings will help her better adapt to the lunar environment and improve the efficiency of completing tasks.

5. Teamwork training: The moon landing mission requires close cooperation and tacit coordination among Taikonauts. Wang Yaping needs to conduct a lot of teamwork training with her teammates, including mission planning, division of labor and cooperation, emergency response, etc. This will help her to form a strong fighting force with her teammates in the moon landing mission and jointly cope with various challenges.

In addition to training, Wang Yaping and other first Taikonauts who landed on the moon also needed to learn about the lunar space environment, surface environment, geological conditions of the lunar landing site, etc., that is, they needed to become experts with a deep understanding of the moon and lunar landing knowledge

For Taikonauts with multiple spaceflight experiences, the above is not difficult. Wang Yaping not only has rich spaceflight experience and professional qualities, but also has excellent physical and psychological qualities. Therefore, she is fully likely to become one of the first Taikonauts to land on the moon.

my country’s first manned lunar landing mission will most likely be completed by three Taikonauts, and Taikonauts with rich space experience will be arranged to participate. Wang Yaping is also an ideal candidate. Two men and one woman is also more reasonable in terms of gender, so the probability of her being selected is also relatively high. Wang Yaping said in an interview that she is preparing for the moon landing mission, which also means that a group of Taikonauts including her are working hard for my country’s first manned space mission. my country’s manned space engineering office has also stated that it will complete my country’s first manned space mission before 2030, which means that within the next five years, we will be able to see Chinese Taikonauts step on the moon, leaving the first important mark of the Chinese nation’s march toward the stars and the sea.

Born in January 1980, she joined the army in August 1997 and the party in May 2000, with the rank of senior colonel. He once served as the deputy commander of a certain regiment of a certain division of the Air Force Aviation Corps. He flew safely for 1,567 hours and was rated as a second-class pilot of the Air Force. In May 2010, she was selected into the second batch of Chinese astronauts. In March 2012, he was selected as a backup astronaut for the Shenzhou-9 mission. In June 2013, he carried out the Shenzhou 10 mission; in December 2019, he was selected as the crew of the Shenzhou 13 mission Representative to the 13th National People’s Congress, China Aerospace Charity Ambassador In June 2013, she carried out the Shenzhou-10 mission, which lasted 15 days, and became China’s first space teacher. From October 2021 to April 2022, the Shenzhou 13 mission was carried out, which lasted 183 days, and a total of three space lectures were conducted China’s first female astronaut to station on the space station and first to conduct extravehicular activities

Wang Yaping: Ready to go to space at any time, hoping to achieve a moonwalk. Wang Yaping introduced that Tiangong- China’s space station has implemented more than 150 space science research and application projects in batches in orbit. For Takionauts, there are only two states: flying and preparing to fly. Wang Yaping said that in the Shenzhou 13 mission, she has already completed a spacewalk, and after returning, she has started new normalized training, hoping to maintain a better state and be ready at any time…

[Wang Yaping: Ready to go to space at any time, hoping to have the opportunity to walk on the moon] China, full of vitality, has entered the “Two Sessions Time”. Last year, Wang Yaping was elected as a member of the new National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Recently, while attending the meeting in Beijing, she accepted a live broadcast from CCTV News’ “One Year Plan to Watch the Two Sessions

Source: CCTV.com March 5 video report: “Wang Yaping said in an interview that she is preparing for the moon landing”

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#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BRI #November2024| #Shenzhou18 #Takionaut crew mission crew returned home safely back to the Motherland #China, #PeoplesRepublicOfChina with a full load!  … #ASummary

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The Shenzhou 18 mission crew returned home safely with a full load!

On the day of  4th November  2024   Hours Hong- Kong SAR – Beijing time CNSA –China National Space Administration , China, People’s Republic of China At  Hong Kong SAR- Beijing Time Beijing time  Shenzhou 18 Takionaut crew….. Shenzhou 18

At 01:24 morning Beijing time on November 4, 2024, the return capsule of the Shenzhou 18 manned spacecraft carrying Takionauts Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu landed in the western area of ​​the Dongfeng landing site. At 02:15, all three Takionauts successfully exited the cabin, and the Shenzhou 18 manned flight mission came to a successful conclusion.

“Shenzhou 18” is the 7th manned flight mission of China’s manned space station project and the 5th crew rotation mission, with a mission cycle of half a year. The manned spacecraft was launched at 20:59 on April 25, 2024, and docked at the radial port of the Tianhe module at 03:32 on the 26th. The crew officially started the space station stay. During this mission, the “Shenzhou 18” crew supported more than 90 space science experiments and technical experiments, including life ecology science experiments and material extravehicular exposure experiments, and carried out 2 Takionaut extravehicular activities and supported several cargo extravehicular activities. During the mission, the “Shenzhou 18” crew and astronauts set impressive new records.

China’s longest-flying Takionaut crew

From the launch at 20:59 on April 25 to the return landing at 01:24 on November 4, the Shenzhou 18 crew flew for 192 days, 4 hours and 26 minutes, surpassing the Shenzhou 15 crew to become China’s longest-flying Takionaut crew. The Shenzhou 15 crew was launched at 23:08 on November 29, 2022, and landed at 06:33 on June 4, 2023, with a flight time of 186 days, 16 hours and 35 minutes.

Ye Guangfu becomes China’s Takionaut with the longest cumulative flight time

Astronaut Ye Guangfu has already performed a manned flight mission for the second time. Previously, Ye Guangfu, as Takionaut No. 03, partnered with astronaut No. 01 Zhai Zhigang and astronaut No. 02 Wang Yaping to perform the “Shenzhou XIII” mission. The mission spacecraft was launched at 00:23 on October 16, 2021, and landed at 09:56 on April 16, 2022, with a flight time of 182 days, 9 hours and 33 minutes. Cumulatively, astronaut Ye Guangfu has accumulated 374 days, 13 hours and 59 minutes of flight time, becoming the first Chinese Takionaut to exceed 1 year of cumulative flight time. This is not only a new achievement for astronaut Ye Guangfu himself, but also reflects the achievements made by China’s manned space program in the 32 years since its establishment and implementation.

Ye Guangfu sets a new record for the longest single spacewalk in China

At 10:35 Beijing time on May 28, 2024, Ye Guangfu and Li Guangsu, Takionauts of the Shenzhou 18 crew, started the first extravehicular activity of the mission. At 18:58, after 8 hours and 23 minutes of extravehicular operations, the two Takionauts successfully completed the extravehicular activity and returned to the Wentian laboratory module. During this extravehicular mission, Ye Guangfu’s extravehicular time reached 8 hours and 23 minutes, setting a new record for the length of time for a single extravehicular activity by a Chinese astronaut.

After the Takionauts of the Shenzhou 18 return to the ground, they will immediately enter a three to six month post-return recovery phase, and the initial stage of this phase is a few hours of gravity re-adaptation at the landing site. The Shenzhou 18 mission is the 13th manned flight mission of China’s manned space program and the 32nd flight mission of the program.

The Shenzhou 18 manned spacecraft carrying three Takionauts was launched at 20:58 on April 25, 2024, and docked at the radial port of the Tianhe module at 03:32 on the 26th. During this trip, the Shenzhou 18 crew flew for 192 days, 4 hours and 26 minutes, becoming the longest-flying astronaut crew in China to date. During the mission, the crew conducted two extravehicular activities, breaking the record for the time of a single extravehicular activity by Chinese astronauts, completed the installation of space debris protection devices for the space station and multiple cargo extravehicular missions, and successively carried out various tasks such as installation, commissioning, maintenance and repair of equipment inside and outside the cabin. At the same time, the crew also completed space science experiments and technical tests involving basic microgravity physics, space material science, space life science, aerospace medicine, aerospace technology and other fields.

So far, China’s manned flight mission has completed all uplink and downlink work this year. At the same time, China’s manned space station project will also implement the “Tianzhou 8” cargo spacecraft launch mission in the middle of this month, and before that, the “Tianzhou 7” cargo spacecraft will be evacuated from the Chinese space station.

Images and visuals are from their Respectives CMS China Manned SpaceCNSA-China National Space Administration  

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#WenchangSpacecraftLaunchCenter #文昌航天發射場 #BRI #August2024 #ChangZheng7A #LongMarch7A Yao 9 #CarrierRocket launched Deployed #ChinaSat4A #TelecommunicationSatellite …. #ASummary

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On the 2025  Hour Hong- Kong SAR – Beijing time CNSA –China National Space Administration   On 22nd August 2024, the combination of the Chang Zheng- Long March 7A Yao 9 carrier rocket vertically at the Wenchang Space Launch Site, Hainan Province China, Peoples Republic of China China successfully launched the ChinaSat 4A from the Wenchang Space Launch Center using the Long March 7A Yao 9 carrier rocket. This launch is the 154th space launch in the world in 2024, the 37th in China, the 4th this month, and the 2nd by the Long March 7A carrier rocket.

ChinaSat 4AThe satellite can provide users with voice, data, and radio and television transmission services. This mission is the 532nd flight of the Long March series of carrier rockets

Images and visuals are from their Respectives CMS China Manned SpaceCNSA-China National Space Administration  

#AlreadyTomorrowInHongKong #香港 |#中國 #中華人民共和國 #August2024 | #RTHK #HongKongStories – Love at Old Shops. Season two.. Featuring International Chinese Presenter #黃幗頤 #ScarlettWong #WongSumMei

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Hong Kong SAR, China, People’s Republic of China.  has always been a cosmopolitan city where the old and the new are blended together, where the East and the West gather together. Various old shops have been passed down to this day, and behind them are stories full of human touch, carrying the emotional memory of Hong Kong.
In the program, the host Huang Xinmei interviews the person in charge of the old store and talks about the history of the old store and its signature food or products. The host will also participate in part of the production process to enhance the audience’s sense of involvement.
This series of “Hong Kong Stories – Love at Old Shops. 2” will run for eleven episodes, continuing to take everyone to visit different time-honoured restaurants and shops to savour their charm.

黃幗頤 Scarlett Wong is a former host of ViuTV, and is the older sister of Hong Kong Canadian actress and television host Jacqueline Wong. In addition to being a host for ViuTV , Jacqueline Wong has hosted more than 100 programs, including Government House , Hong Kong Jockey Club , Samsung Galaxy launch and other large-scale events. Her younger sister is Jacqueline Wong, the runner- up of Miss Hong Kong 2012 .

In 2017, Wong received many online advertisements and worked with TVB artists Lai Lok Yi and Wang Haoxin from time to time . Wong also revealed that her thyroid index was high. The doctor said that it might be due to work pressure and advised her to change her career. Because she was very stressed about her work, she had to abstain from food and have a check-up every three months. In fact, it might be hereditary because her father and grandmother had this condition, but her sisters did not have it for the time being

In November 2018, Wong Sum Mei temporarily left ViuTV and subsequently worked as a freelance artist. She also hosted programs for HOY TV (formerly “Fantastic TV” and “Hong Kong Open TV”) and the Hong Kong Radio Television Department from time to time. She returned to ViuTV in late June 2024 and will soon be the host of “40 Steps to Beauty”.

The Peninsula Hong Kong Salisbury Rd, Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong SAR, China, People’s Republic of China , opened in 1928, is the oldest six-star hotel in Hong Kong. Initially, the hotel was decided to be located in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, which surprised everyone because the Kowloon Peninsula at that time could be considered a remote place, and all the dignitaries lived on the other side of Victoria Harbour. However, the hotel management, the Kadoorie family, believed that the hotel was nearby The docks and train stations are sure to bring travelers from all over the world, and to this day, prove the wisdom of the decision made at that time. The fateful meeting of that day led to today’s legend. In the near future, the hotel will turn 100 years old. She has grown up with Hong Kong. In three consecutive episodes, we will appreciate with everyone the glorious years of the legendary hotel, known as the Lady of the East, for nearly a hundred years.

In 1970, 42 years after the hotel opened, the hotel was managed by Sir Laurence Kadoorie and Sir Michael Kadoorie, members of the founding family. Both father and son were car lovers, and the hotel’s shuttle fleet also took advantage of the times. Founded.

The more famous the hotel became, the more VIP guests stayed. In order to cope with the increasing number of guests, in 1991, in addition to the original 6-story building, a 30-story new wing was expanded to the north of the hotel, and a rooftop restaurant was added to the new building. , spa center and other modern facilities, and also built a heliport. From then on, the hotel’s transportation facilities are complete, including sea, land and air.

The hotel has been operating for nearly a century. Although it has retained many precious traditions, it has never rested on its laurels. Instead, it has sought changes along the way, keeping pace with the pace of society, and cooperating with different groups to launch more innovative services, including charity, environmental protection, culture, and art. Integrate the pulse of society. These outside-the-box collaborations and changes can often bring more energy to hotels when they face new challenges…

School uniforms are something you don’t want to put on when you’re studying, you can’t bear to take them off when you graduate, and you keep thinking about them when you’re working.
School uniforms are used to regulate students and cultivate discipline. They seem to be the same, but in fact they are diverse.
Who designed the school uniform you wore? How did what is written by students today evolve? If you seek knowledge about the uniform you wear every day, what knowledge does it have in itself? Jin Lun Clothing Co., Ltd., an old store that has been specializing in the local school uniform business for more than 60 years, tells the story through her story.

Snake soup, known as a tonic for the common people, is also a unique flavor in Cantonese cuisine.


Snake King Fen was founded in Nanhai, Guangzhou in 1895. In 1940, it moved to Chiliman Street in Central. It started with snake soup and stew. It moved from a street stall to an upper tier and provided a variety of skillful side dishes. In the past, snake feasts were popular, and most of them were Guests held banquets to discuss business, so many handmade dishes such as tea-smoked chicken and eight-treasure duck were very popular, including the nearly lost famous dish “Crane Needle”.

As the fourth generation successor, Gigi Ng not only strives to inherit the old Hong Kong taste, but also wants to carry forward the traditional nourishing and health-preserving dietary therapy concept, making new attempts with trendy Cantonese cuisine and medicinal snacks, with the support of her mother’s love behind her.

to be continued.. …..

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#MadeInChina #中國製造| #中科宇航 #ZhongkeAerospace #ChinaAcademyOfScience #CASSPace #August2024 | #CarrierRocket #ReusableCarrierRocket #MannedReusableCarrierRocket #CarrierRocket Series The three-core parallel Lijian-2 has entered the engineering development stage, and its first flight will be equipped with a cargo spacecraft!

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Beijing Zhongke Aerospace Exploration Technology Co., Ltd. is the first domestic aerospace enterprise with mixed ownership, and it is also the target enterprise that Oriental Aerospace Port focuses on introducing. Relying on the scientific research strength and resource advantages of the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Aerospace Flight Technology Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Aerospace Science and Technology has been committed to the research and development and integration of space technology and aerospace vehicles as a platform for the transformation of major national scientific research projects, as well as the transformation and provision of technological achievements. Aerospace launch service. The Lijian-1 rocket project also adds a brand-new name card to the Oriental Space Port, which will surely promote the construction of the Oriental Space Port to take a solid step forward.

Static test of composite cabin of “Lijian-2” liquid launch vehicle

Before July 29, 2024, the static test of the composite cabin of the “Lijian-2” liquid launch vehicle was successful. This test mainly verifies whether the structural scheme meets the design requirements under the maximum design load and assesses the feasibility of the composite scheme. Since the beginning of this year, the development of the “Lijian-2” rocket has been rapidly advanced and is steadily moving towards its first flight.

Three cores in parallel, bundled recycling

“Lijian-2” is a medium-sized cryogenic liquid carrier rocket developed by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CAS Space). It adopts a two-and-a-half-stage configuration. The take-off stage adopts a CBC configuration, in which the core first stage and two core first stage module boosters are bundled side by side, and the core second stage is connected in series on the core first stage.

The first stage of the rocket core is equipped with three YF-102 liquid oxygen-kerosene engines, adopting an open gas generator cycle and a pump-front swing design, supporting double swing of ±6°, a single sea level thrust of approximately 85 tons (835 kN), a sea level specific impulse of 275.5 seconds, and a thrust-to-weight ratio of not less than 130; the two boosters are configured basically the same as the first stage of the core; the second stage of the core is equipped with a YF-102V liquid oxygen-kerosene engine with a thrust of approximately 72 tons (710 kN), which can achieve 55%~100% variable thrust, a vacuum specific impulse of 320 seconds (throttling)~330 seconds, and support repeated starts for no less than 2 times.

Schematic diagram of the Force Arrow II

The entire rocket of “Force-2” is 52 meters high. The diameters of the core stage, core stage and booster are all 3.35 meters. It is equipped with a fairing with a diameter of 4.2 meters. The take-off mass is 625 tons and the take-off thrust is 766 tons. Its low-Earth orbit (LEO) carrying capacity is 12 tons and its 500-kilometer sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) carrying capacity is 8 tons.

The ultimate goal of “Force Arrow II” is to become a reusable launch vehicle, realize multiple recovery and reuse of the core stage and boosters, and support reuse more than 20 times. The three-core parallel launch stage of the arrow will implement cluster separation and cluster recovery. The convenience lies in that it only needs to be equipped with a flight control system and a recovery and landing system, the latter includes a set of sang rudders and a set of landing legs. Two of the four sang rudders are distributed in the core stage, and the other two are distributed in the boosters. Two of the four landing legs are distributed in the core stage, and the other two are distributed in the boosters. According to the plan, “Force Arrow II” will realize the recovery of the core stage and booster modules in 2028.

The first flight is to launch a cargo spacecraft

Since the proposal, the “Lijian-2” has undergone major changes in the plan. The current design is very different from the previous single-stage plan, and the first flight has been postponed for several years. According to the plan, in August 2025, the “Lijian-2” will make its first flight at the No. 2 station of the Wenchang Commercial Space Launch Site, and the takeoff stage will not be recovered.

The first flight mission of “Lijian-2” carried a heavy-duty cargo spacecraft. The cargo spacecraft was developed by the Microsatellite Innovation Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In the bidding for the overall plan of the low-cost cargo transportation system for the Chinese space station released by the China Manned Space Engineering Office in May 2023, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Satellite Innovation Institute jointly carried out ship-rocket joint demonstration and key technology research, and carried out the “ship-rocket-cargo” integrated space-to-earth transportation system plan design. With the ship-rocket collaborative solution of the low-cost cargo spacecraft and the “Lijian-2” rocket, it was successfully shortlisted in the bidding and entered the detailed design stage of the plan.

The launch mission of the low-cost cargo spacecraft to be carried out by the Lijian-2 rocket is the first time that a Chinese commercial aerospace enterprise has participated in the development and launch of a low-cost cargo transportation project for the Chinese space station. If it is finally selected, the Lijian-2 will become China’s first commercial rocket to carry out manned space missions, which will also be a recognition of the reliability of the Lijian-2.

Build your own advantages by networking for the constellation!

As a commercial aerospace enterprise, China Aerospace Science and Technology is targeting the vast commercial space launch market, especially the low-orbit satellite constellation launch service market. my country’s currently planned low-orbit constellation contains tens of thousands of satellites, which require launch vehicles to provide large-capacity, high-frequency, low-cost, and high-reliability launch services. Compared with China’s liquid commercial rockets of the same level, the “Lijian-2” rocket does not have an advantage in capacity, but it can work hard on high frequency, low cost, and high reliability.

Create high-frequency launches. At the Hainan Commercial Space Launch Center in China, two launch stations have been built. Both stations have a designed launch capacity of 16 times per year. Station 2 is a general-purpose station that needs to support the launch of more than a dozen types of rockets, which is far from enough for high-frequency launches. In addition to using Hainan Commercial Launch Station 2, China Science and Technology Aerospace is building a dedicated technical preparation plant at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and is about to build a dedicated launch station for the “Lijian-2” rocket. Based on self-built stations, China Science and Technology Aerospace will be able to achieve dozens of launch frequencies per year.

The core secondary box section of “Lijian-2”

Achieve low cost. “Lijian-2” uses a lot of mature technologies. The main power is all YF-102 series engines. All stages use mainstream tank modules with a diameter of 3.35 meters. It uses the same avionics system as “Lijian-1”. The application of mature and common technologies means that costs can be greatly reduced. At the same time, simplifying the design is another important way to control costs. For example, the core second-stage box section takes into account the functions of the traditional liquid rocket instrument cabin and cancels the core second-stage instrument cabin, which simplifies the cabin structure and saves materials.

Achieve high reliability. While applying mature and general technologies, the power system and avionics system adopt redundant design, and the separation scheme is simple, making the rocket highly reliable. For example, the launch stage of the rocket is equipped with 9 YF-102 engines, with a single sea level thrust of about 85 tons, a total rocket takeoff thrust of 766 tons, a takeoff mass of 625 tons, and a thrust-to-weight ratio of 1.23, achieving a large power redundancy, and can complete the launch mission in the event of one engine failure.

Schematic diagram of the heavy-duty “Force Arrow II”

Building a stronger model

After my country’s low-orbit constellation enters the large-scale networking period, the intensive networking and launch of tens of thousands of satellites requires a large-scale reusable launch vehicle, but the current “Lijian-2” has obviously insufficient capacity.

Based on the Lijian-2, China Aerospace Science and Technology will develop a more powerful “Lijian-2” heavy-lift launch vehicle (called “heavy”, but actually large). The latter is based on the former and adds two core-stage module boosters to achieve five cores in parallel (5CBC). The “Lijian-2” heavy-lift rocket is 56 meters high, with optional fairings of 4.2 meters and 5 meters in diameter, a takeoff mass of 913 tons, a low-Earth orbit (LEO) capacity of 22 tons, and a 500-kilometer sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) capacity of 15 tons. The core stage and booster can be reused more than 20 times.

In general, the “Force-2” will be a high-quality rocket that can meet market demand to a large extent. Facing the needs of constellation network launches, with its advantages of high frequency, low cost and high reliability, the “Force-2” is bound to become one of the main near-Earth “flights”.

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