Tag: January 2021

#香港 #AlreadyTomorrowInHongKong | #January2021 | #HongKongSAR longest #SubSeaTunnel #CrossHarbourTunnel open the Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link Northern Connection will open to traffic on December 27th 2021.

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During this year of 2021 The World’s Leading Asia World City – Hong Kong SAR-China- People’s Republic of China..  in which ever so constantly have been grown innovatively providing  In order to provide faster and more convenient Roading transporting  services Between Hong Kong Island and Kowloon side is the Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link Northern Connection will open to traffic on December 27th 2021 …… in which it is the Hong Kong SAR longest subsea tunnel opening in creating the Hong Kong SAR- China- People’s Republic of China.. Bringing the Hong Kong SAR many underground motorways cross harbour subsea tunnels in around the Victoria Harbour also catering towards the Pearl Delta River providing the effective traveling time in the Greater Bay Area of the Guangdong Province……

 Hong Kong has dug deep to boost its status as a hyper-connected city. The opening (Dec 27) of the city’s deepest and longest subsea tunnel – Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link Northern Connection – opens up a new corridor for economic activities in the western part of Hong Kong. The 5km-long tunnel was constructed with the help of the world’s largest tunnel boring machine, which also helped to reduce the environmental impact of the project…….

It connects the Northern western New Territories with the Hong Kong – Zhuhai- Macau Bridge Hong Kong Port, in between Tuen Mun and Chek Lap Kok area district that connects to Lantau Island with the Hong Kong International Airport, branding the subsea tunnel the Tuen Mun- Chek Lap Kok Tunnel…. In which connects towards the Southern Connection links the Hong Kong port and Northern Lantau Island marking out the Southern Viaduct also Hong Kong International Airport.. from thirty to ten minutes travel time reduction…

In which the Original route which take average thirty minutes to travel around the motorway of Victoria Harbour  in which shorten the averagely travel time….. The 5.5 Kilometers Northern connection including a Five Kilometers tunnel.. it is the longest and deepest subsea road tunnel in Hong Kong SAR.. the Tunnel construction at up to sixty meters below sea level.. in which deploying the world’s largest tunnel boring machine.. in which its diameter is equivalent to the height of a six storey building .. the design criteria of the boring machine it reduces the dredging and disposal of elven million cubic meters of marine sediment.. to help protect the environment….. It’s the first tunnel in Hong Kong SAR to include a Service gallery underneath it carriageway…. Facilitating long term maintenance …Connecting towards The New Gateway to the Greater Bay Area and beyond….

#香港 #AlreadyTomorrowInHongKong | #MTRHongKong #港鐵 #January2021 |#MTRNewLines Preparation between #HongKong Island and Kowloon- New Territories in the future the #EastRailLine #TuenMaLine Getting ready for the fourth Cross Harbour tunnel -#HongKongSAR on track for new cross harbour rail tunnel

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During January 2021 The World’s Leading Public Transport provider The MTR Hong Kong – Hong Kong SAR-China- People’s Republic of China..  in which ever so constantly the MTR Hong Kong have been grown innovatively providing  In order to provide faster and more convenient rail services Between Hong Kong Island and Kowloon- New Territories in the future the East Rail Line cross Harbour section tunnel is ready now.. in which makes it the fourth cross harbour rail tunnel in Hong Kong SAR- China- People’s Republic of China…. in which on track for the the newest fourth cross harbour tunnel ..When it opens in 2022, this train ride between two stations (Hung Hom & Admiralty Stations) on opposite sides of Hong Kong’s Victoria Harbour will shorten travelling time from 30 mins to a staggering 5 mins. Watch how MTR Corp engineers are working full steam ahead for the Cross-Harbour Section of the East Rail Line, the city’s 4th cross harbour rail tunnel…..

香港新過海列車隧道進度理想

東鐵綫過海段是香港第四條過海鐵路隧道，啟用後接駁維多利亞港兩個車站(紅磡至金鐘)之間的行車時間，將從30分鐘大大縮短至5分鐘。港鐵公司工程人員正全力以赴，目標於2022年通車。

As previously during December 2020 The World’s Leading Public Transport provider The MTR Hong Kong – Hong Kong SAR-China- People’s Republic of China..  in which ever so constantly the MTR Hong Kong have been grown innovatively providing  In order to provide faster and more convenient rail services Between Hong Kong Island and Kowloon- New Territories in the future the East Rail Line cross Harbour section tunnel is ready now.. in which makes it the fourth cross harbour rail tunnel in Hong Kong SAR- China- People’s Republic of China.. ….in which let’s see what’s the preparation are. …. The Bifurcation Works of the East Rail Line is approaching their most Crucial Phase, The Works will soon connecting the operationally sections in between Hung Hom – Exhibition Center – Admiralty stations in crossing the Harbour to the Hong Kong Island by the East Rail line with the Cross Harbour Section….

in which there’s been major Tracks Modifications innovatively to carry out the complicated engineering works on the operating sections on Overhead lines as part of the massive installation work among the Advance works there will be train suspensions in between Lok Ma Chau and Lo Wu that connects towards the Tai Wai Stations in which also to Mong Kok East Station on towards Hung Hom on no Train services between Mong Kong and Hung Hom sections on certain dates..

It’s Also best to keep updated on using the MTR Mobile App to Facilitates Passengers to plan Their Journeys earlier.. in which also In Station publicity Information informality passengers through various channels..   on alternatives on other MTR Lines, Other Public Transport, Free Shuttle buses.. also Passengers may go to customer services centers for enquires about any fair issues .. also best to arranges reserve travelling time.. Bifurcation works on East Rail Line is a large-scale and complex project, especially on an existing running line. The works not only include track reconfiguration, installation of overhead line and modification of part of the existing signalling system equipment, but also involve testing and fine-tuning. Despite these challenges, our team has carried out thorough planning along the way with regular inspections and tests to ensure that the works will be carried out smoothly and safely.

At the Station Staff will assistance to passengers with announcements with more staff to provide more assistances in which Opening of the Full Tuen Ma Line is expected to open in the 2021 year as the Opening of the East Rail line crossing Harbour section is expected in 2022.. ..

After the completion of the East Rail Line Cross-Harbour Section project, East Rail Line service will then extend from Hung Hom Station to Admiralty Station without the need for any interchange, providing one more option for passengers to cross the harbour. To prepare for this new train service extension to Hong Kong Island, critical bifurcation works on the East Rail Line will be carried out shortly. Watch the video now to have Jarvis Chow tell you about the special arrangements during the bifurcation works!

東鐵綫過海段工程完成後，到時東鐵綫將由紅磡站伸延過海至金鐘站，乘客毋須轉車便可直達金鐘，過海再多一個選擇。 為咗配合將來服務延伸至港島，東鐵綫新軌道接駁關鍵工程即將展開，立即收睇短片，由周奕瑋帶大家了解工程期間嘅特別安排！

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#January2021 #CAST #ChinaAerospaceScienceAndTechnologyCorporation | #FirstAcademy manufacturing that first large #CarrierRocket durable diameter composite liquid oxygen tank…..

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During the month of January 2021 – CNSA – China National Space Administration CAST – China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation – China – Peoples’ Republic of China Printed out  The first domestic 3.35m diameter composite liquid oxygen tank was born….. That Printing occurred on  January 22, my country’s first 3.35m diameter composite material tank prototype was born in the First Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group. The storage tank is mainly used in liquid oxygen environment. Compared with the metal storage tank, it can reduce the weight by 30% and has higher strength. It can greatly improve the structural efficiency and carrying capacity of the rocket. It is a new type of lightweight storage tank. The birth of the prototype of the composite material storage tank marks that my country has broken the foreign monopoly and has become one of the few countries in the world that has the ability to design and manufacture composite material storage tanks.

Successfully developing  two new types of rocket storage tanks, which can increase the capacity of rockets] Recently, my country has made new progress in the development of new type of carrier rocket storage tanks: China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation First Academy has assembled domestic superior forces and successfully developed my country’s first 3. The 35-meter diameter aluminum-lithium alloy storage tank engineering prototype and the composite material storage tank principle prototype will further reduce the weight of the rocket body and increase the rocket’s capacity.

“The capacity of the launch vehicle is as large as the space stage.” The storage tank occupies more than 50% of the weight and space of the rocket’s structure, and the fuel filled inside it accounts for more than 90% of the total weight of the rocket. The weight reduction of the tank is of great significance for improving the carrying capacity of the rocket.

Not long ago, the First Institute successfully developed my country’s first 3.35-meter-diameter aluminum-lithium alloy rocket storage tank, which has passed the tests of various links and has good performance, and initially has engineering application conditions. The storage tank uses the third-generation high-performance aluminum-lithium alloy. Compared with the current international mainstream aluminum-copper alloy storage tank, the strength is increased by about 30%, and the structural weight is reduced by more than 15% under the same conditions.

According to the material classification, aluminum alloy storage tanks are divided into the first generation aluminum-magnesium alloy storage tank, the second generation aluminum-copper alloy storage tank and the third generation aluminum-lithium alloy storage tank. Compared with traditional aluminum-copper alloys, the strength and rigidity of aluminum-lithium alloys have been significantly improved, but the density has dropped by 3%-5%, which is precious for rockets whose capacity is calculated by weight.

Due to the relatively high price of aluminum-lithium alloy, the current world aerospace powers mainly use aluminum-lithium alloy in the final stage of the rocket. The weight loss of the last stage of the rocket is 1 kg, which is equivalent to an increase of 1 kg in the rocket carrying capacity.

In the future, China – People’s Republic of China  3.35-meter aluminum-lithium alloy storage tank is intended to be mainly used in the final stage of a new generation of carrier rockets to improve the structural efficiency and carrying capacity of the Long March 5, Long March 7 and Long March 8 rockets. Lay the foundation for the development of a new generation of manned rocket.

In addition to metal materials, the application of composite materials can also greatly reduce the weight of the tank. On January 22, also it’s the first 3.35-meter-diameter composite material storage tank prototype was born in the First Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group. The storage tank is mainly used in liquid oxygen environment. Compared with the metal storage tank, it can reduce the weight by 30% and has higher strength. It can greatly improve the structural efficiency and carrying capacity of the rocket. It is a new type of lightweight storage tank.

The density of the composite material is about 1.7g/cm3, the density of the aluminum-lithium alloy is 2.7g/cm3, and the specific strength of the composite material is 6 times that of the aluminum-lithium alloy. Compared with the metal materials used in the current rocket tank structure, composite materials have the advantages of lower density, higher specific strength, and better fatigue resistance.

In addition, the composite material tank also has the advantages of fewer production processes and short cycle times, which can further reduce the overall cost of the rocket.

At present, composite storage tanks are mainly used in a specific liquid oxygen environment and can be used in the final stage of a rocket. In the follow-up, the development team will also carry out a series of assessment tests and evaluations on the 3.35-meter composite material storage tank principle prototype, further carry out key technology research, improve the technical maturity of the composite material storage tank, and promote the application of the composite material storage tank in rockets. , To truly give play to the major advantages of composite material storage tanks in terms of light weight and high strength, to help the future rocket structure significantly reduce weight and improve carrying capacity.

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #January2021 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring 628.47 Meters #LunaExploration Summary of 746-day scientific research results reveal micro-scale thermal radiation characteristics of the moon….

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As of 20th January 2021 Wednesday, The CNSA –China National Space Administration – CLEP- China Luna Exploration Program Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 successfully awakened and entered the 26th day of the work period….Chang’e 4 enters the 26th moon night] The Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover completed the 26th day of the month at 21:10 and 14:06 on January 20, and were set up according to ground instructions. Enter the moonlit night dormancy. Up to now, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover have worked on the moon for 749 earth days, with a cumulative mileage of 628.47 meters.

The Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover completed the 26th day of the month at 21:10 and 14:06 on January 20, completed the set-up according to ground instructions, and entered moon-night sleep. Up to now, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover have worked on the moon for 749 earth days, with a cumulative mileage of 628.47 meters.

Based on the first-hand data obtained by the Chang’e-4 mission, the scientific research team continues to achieve scientific results. The team of researcher Wu Yunzhao from the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences took a different approach and used the visible near-infrared spectrometer (VNIS) to study the thermal radiation characteristics, obtained the thermal radiation characteristics of the moon on the micro-scale, and performed thermal correction of the spectrum, and related results were published….. In Geophysical Research Letters…

Researcher Wu Yunzhao first discovered the existence of thermal radiation in the spectral data of Chang’e-3 (Wu and Hapke, 2018). The first-month diurnal spectrum data of Chang’e-4 confirmed the discovery, and the tenth day fixed-point measurement provided more observational support. Figure 1 shows that after 2 μm, the spectral uplift gradually strengthens as the sun rises, and gradually decreases as the sun sinks. On the one hand, this discovery helps to interpret spectral data correctly, and on the other hand, it expands the application of spectrometers, not only for studying minerals, but also for studying the thermal radiation of the moon. This study shows that even in the 2 μm and mid-latitude mineral inversion studies, thermal correction is required….

Even in the pure thermal radiation region, the solution of temperature and emissivity is an under-determined equation, while the mid-infrared has both reflection and thermal emission, and temperature solution is more complicated. The study found that, in addition to the material composition, the heat radiation characteristics are significantly affected by the micro-scale roughness (Figure 2). In addition to the phase angle, the influence of the relative azimuth angle between the observation and the incident is very obvious (Figure 3). The two-way roughness slope of the micro-scale topography of the Chang’e-4 lunar soil is 22°-24°.

In the past, the research on the temperature characteristics of the lunar surface was mainly based on macro-satellite remote sensing data, and the wavelength was in the thermal infrared band. This research carried out for the first time the micro-scale and short-wave thermal radiation characteristics of lunar soil, which is of great significance for mid-infrared research. The spectrum used in this study has the superposition of solar reflection and the moon’s own thermal radiation. There are great difficulties in spectral analysis and application, and it is a spectral region that has relatively little research. The mid-infrared spectrum is very useful. Water, OH, organic matter, and minerals have discriminative spectral characteristics in the mid-infrared, and they are the key spectrum for detecting extraterrestrial life substances…

Scientific achievements come from: Researcher Wu Yunzhao’s team at Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences

嫦娥四号进入第26月夜，研究成果揭示月球微尺度热辐射特性

​​     嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车分别于1月20日21时10分和14时06分完成第26月昼工作，按地面指令完成设置，进入月夜休眠。截至目前，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车已在月面工作749个地球日，累计行驶里程628.47米。

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     科研团队根据嫦娥四号任务获取的第一手数据，持续取得科学成果。中国科学院紫金山天文台吴昀昭研究员团队另辟蹊径，将可见光近红外光谱仪（VNIS）用于热辐射特性研究，获得了月球在微尺度上的热辐射特性，并对光谱进行了热校正，相关成果发表在Geophysical Research Letters。

    吴昀昭研究员首次在嫦娥三号光谱数据发现有热辐射存在（Wu and Hapke, 2018）。嫦娥四号第一月昼光谱数据证实了该发现，第十月昼定点测量给出了更多的观测支持。图1可见，2μm后光谱抬升随着太阳升高而逐渐加强，随着太阳下沉而逐渐降低。该发现一方面有助于正确解译光谱数据，另一方面拓展了光谱仪应用，不仅可用于研究矿物，还可用于研究月球的热辐射。该研究表明即便在2 μm且中纬度地区的矿物反演研究也需要进行热校正。

     即便纯热辐射区，温度与发射率的求解也是欠定方程，而中红外既存在反射又存在热发射，温度求解更为复杂。研究发现，除了物质成分外，热辐射特性受微尺度粗糙度显著影响（图2）。除了相角，观测与入射相对方位角的影响非常明显（图3）。获得了嫦娥四号月壤微尺度地形双向粗糙度斜率为22° – 24°。

过去对月表温度特性的研究主要是宏观卫星遥感数据，波长上是热红外波段。本研究首次开展了微观尺度和短波方面的月壤热辐射特性研究，对于中红外研究具有重要意义。本次研究所用谱段存在太阳反射与月球自身热辐射叠加，光谱解析及应用存在较大困难，是研究相对较少的光谱区。而中红外谱段非常有用，水、OH、有机质、矿物在中红外有判断性光谱特征，是探测地外生命物质的关键谱段。

科学成果来自：中国科学院紫金山天文台吴昀昭研究员团队

Images and visuals are from Weibo CNSA –China National Space Administration –CLEP- China Luna Exploration Program..

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #January2021|#西昌衛星發射中心 # Xichang Satellite Launch Center – Successfully launching the iconic #LongMarch3B #ChangZheng3B #CarrierRocket to deploy the #Tiantong1 #satelliteMobileCommunication system…..

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On  the 20th January 2021 Wednesday early mid-morning  CNSA _China National Space Administration -China – People’s Republic of China At 0:25 Hong Kong –Beijing Time on an early morning past midnight of  January 20th , 2021, China successfully launched the Tiantong-1 03 satellite using the Long March 3B carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center Sichuan Province  Lift off. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit, the mission was a complete success, and China’s space launch has a good start in 2021…..

The Tiantong-1 satellite mobile communication system is a satellite mobile communication system independently developed and constructed by my country. It consists of a space segment, a ground segment and user terminals. The Tiantong-1 03 satellite was developed by the China Academy of Space Technology. After being launched into orbit, it will form an integrated world-earth mobile communication network with the ground mobile communication system. Users in most waters of the Indian Ocean provide mobile communication services such as all-weather, all-day, stable and reliable voice, short message and data. This mission is the 358th space flight of the Long March series of carrier rockets.

  During the launching Xi’an Satellite Measurement and Control Center Xiamen Observation and Control Station successfully completed the Tiantong-1 03 satellite launch measurement and control mission] “Xiamen found the target!” “Xiamen telemetry signal is normal!” January 20, 2021 0 At 25:25, the China-developed Tiantong-1 03 satellite carrying the Long March 3B carrier rocket was launched at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, and the satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit. Soon after the rocket lifted off, the Xiamen Observation and Control Station located on the southeast coast found the captured target in time, and continuously transmitted the rocket telemetry data to the Xi’an Satellite Observation and Control Center, successfully completing the launch measurement and control mission. This is the first space launch measurement and control mission completed by the station in 2021….

As well to other tracking  mobile installations .. Yuanwang 5 ship successfully completed the Tiantong-1 03 satellite marine monitoring and control mission] Early this morning, my country successfully launched the Tiantong-1 03 satellite into the air with the Long March 3B carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. The Yuanwang 5 ship under the T&C Department took part in a single-ship test in the scheduled waters of the Pacific Ocean to provide key monitoring and control support for rockets flying into the sky and satellites into orbit. The China Satellite Maritime Department successfully achieved its first maritime measurement and control mission in 2021. It is understood that after completing this mission, the Yuanwang 5 ship will continue to go to the next sea area for measurement and control, and the crew will welcome the arrival of the Spring Festival at sea…..

Images and visuals are from Weibo..