Tag: Lunar lander Module

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #July2022 | #嫦娥五号#CLEP The #Moon #Change5 #LunarMission #MonsRumker #LunaExploration the Magical Chang’e 5″ #PopularScienceDocumentary Officially Released in #Beijing…

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More than One year ago on 24th November 2020, the Chang Zheng – Long March Five Carrier Rocket Launched away  in CNSA – China National Space Administration China Wenchang spaceport launch, Change Five  Lunar probe into orbit, opened up towards China – People’s Republic of China’s first celestial bodies sample return trip from Mons Rumker on the Lunar Surface of the moon in which now on the week of 12th July a new series Popular Science Documentary named the “The Magical Chang’e 5” Popular Science Documentary Officially Released in Beijing- China – People’s Republic of China…  

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On July 12th 2022, the popular science documentary “The Magical Chang’e 5” jointly produced by the National Space Administration and the China Association for Science and Technology was officially released in Beijing. Shu Wei, secretary of the Secretariat of the China Association for Science and Technology, and Dong Baotong, deputy director of the National Space Administration, attended the press conference and delivered speeches. Hu Hao, the chief designer of the third phase of the lunar exploration project, and relevant comrades from the China Association for Science and Technology, the National Space Administration, the Space Foundation, and the engineering research and development units attended the conference- press conference.

On December 17, 2020, the Chang’e 5 mission, the third phase of the lunar exploration project, obtained 1,731 grams of lunar samples and returned to Earth, realizing the millennium dream of the Chinese nation “to embrace the moon in nine days”, and promoting human lunar sample research into the “Chang’e Era”. Chang’e 5 is not only a historical achievement of scientific and technological innovation, but also has a very high value for popular science. Show the lunar exploration journey of Chang’e 5 in the way of popular science, and tell the technological breakthrough of Chang’e 5 in the language of popular science, give full play to the social efficiency of major projects, and promote the process of popularization of scientific and technological resources.

Scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization are the two wings to realize innovation and development. The popular science documentary “The Magical Chang’e 5” focuses on the key links of the Chang’e 5 mission from launch to home. It reproduces the magical journey of Chang’e’s lunar exploration in the form of records + popular science, and uses the form of documentary + animation It describes the scientific principles of Chang’e’s lunar exploration, which is a beneficial exploration of the combination of scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization.
 

At the press conference, three senior consultants of the lunar exploration project sent messages via video. Academician Luan Enjie, the first commander-in-chief of the lunar exploration project, said that our lunar exploration project has embarked on a lunar exploration road with Chinese characteristics. Academician Ouyang Ziyuan, chief scientist of the Chang’e-1 lunar application system, said that “The Magical Chang’e-5” is China’s first all-round, multi-dimensional and three-dimensional science popularization work based on the lunar exploration project. Academician Ye Peijian, chief designer and commander of the Chang’e-1 probe, said that the core technology can only rely on self-reliance. They believe that “The Magical Chang’e 5” will surely plant spiritual seeds in the hearts of young people and take our exploration to a deeper space.

Via CNSA China Space Administration –CLEP China Lunar Exploration project management office

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #July2022 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 travelling 1239.88 meters on #LunaExploration reveal the secrets of the Antarctic-Aiken Basin ……

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As of Month of 7th July 2022, The CNSA –China National Space Administration CLEP- China Lunar Exploration Program  Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 with Yutu two the Lunar rover still working exploring more than moved more than 1239.88  meters on the other side of the moon on the 103 Kilometers Diameter Von Karman Crater in which is least than two length by length fifty five Kilometers Hong Kong –Macau- Zhuhai Bridges …. Working Exploring the Crater on the other side of the Moon Chang’e Luna…. Chang’e-4 completed the 44th day of work, and the results revealed the cause of the abnormal area of ​​​​the Moon’s South Pole-Aiken ….composition travelling The “Yutu 2” lunar rover and lander of the Chang’e The total mileage of the lunar rover on the far side of the moon is 1239.88 meters

In which Chang’e-4 research results reveal the secrets of the Antarctic-Aiken Basin The cause of the abnormal area of ​​composition…..

The South Pole-Aiken Basin is the largest impact basin on the Moon, with a diameter of over 2,400 kilometers. The study of the South Pole-Aiken Basin is of great significance for revealing the origin of the lunar asymmetry, the impact process, the early evolution process and the composition of the deep material. Orbital remote sensing observations show that there is a compositional anomaly in the center of the Antarctic-Aiken Basin. The planetary science team of Shandong University analyzed and interpreted the in-situ visible and near-infrared spectral data of the Yutu-2 lunar rover and found that the lunar crust is the Antarctic-Aiken composition anomaly. The main material source provides important constraints for the future exploration of materials in the Antarctic-Aiken Basin and even the deep parts of the moon.


​The main material components on the lunar The material composition at the bottom of the South Pole-Aiken Basin is abnormal, and the content of mafic silicate minerals and iron is significantly higher than that in the peripheral area of ​​the basin (Figure 1).

Figure 1. The distribution of iron and pyroxene content inside and outside the Antarctic-Aiken Basin

Most of the previous studies on the material composition of the Antarctic-Aiken Basin only focused on mafic minerals. Due to the anomalous characteristics of mafic in this region, there has even been a debate about whether the lunar mantle is peridotite or pyroxene. Although according to the lunar magma ocean hypothesis, olivine and pyroxene are the main minerals of the lunar mantle, the plutonic magma intrusion after the formation of the lunar crust can also form rocks rich in olivine or pyroxene in the lunar crust, so olivine is enriched Or pyroxene does not serve as evidence of origin from the lunar mantle. So far, humans have not obtained samples from the Antarctic-Aiken Basin and returned to Earth, and their trace elements and isotopic characteristics cannot be known. Among the material composition information available through remote sensing or in situ detection, the plagioclase content also distinguishes crust-derived and mantle-derived rocks. key indicators.

Figure 2. Mineral composition and source reservoir of Chang’e-4 landing area

​The content of plagioclase in the material of the Antarctic-Aiken composition anomaly area sputtered by the Finsen
Numerical simulation studies believe that during the excavation process of the South Pole-Aiken impact, the lunar crust has been completely stripped, but in the subsequent transformation stage, the collapse of the instantaneous crater wall may cause the lunar crustal material to slip off the bottom of the basin. In addition, other basin impact events after the Antarctic-Aiken impact event also produced a backfilling effect on the bottom of the Antarctic-Aiken Basin, and the exposed lunar mantle material or impact melting products during the formation of the basin is likely to have been diluted by the lunar crust material. Mineralogical and geochemical unmixing analysis results show that the lunar soil on the surface of the anomalous area is composed of about 70% of the lunar crust material and about 30% of the material enriched in iron and incompatible elements.

The first author of this research is postdoctoral fellow Chen Jian of Shandong University, and the corresponding author is Professor Ling Zongcheng, head of the planetary science team of Shandong University and senior researcher of the Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, an international astronomy journal …..

Images and visuals are from their Respectives source CLEP – China Lunar Exploration Project

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #June2022 | #嫦娥五号#CLEP The #Moon #Change5 #LunarMission #MonsRumker #LunaExploration Announcement The new results reveal the distribution characteristics of lunar surface water in the landing area. The lunar soil contains water in the form of hydroxyl groups …

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More than One year ago on 24th November 2020, the Chang Zheng – Long March Five Carrier Rocket Launched away  in CNSA – China National Space Administration China Wenchang spaceport launch, Change Five  Lunar probe into orbit, opened up towards China – People’s Republic of China’s first celestial bodies sample return trip from Mons Rumker on the Lunar Surface.……  

[The new results of Chang’e 5 reveal the distribution characteristics of lunar surface water in the landing area. The lunar soil contains water in the form of hydroxyl groups]

On June 15, “Nature Communications” published an important research result of my country’s Chang’e 5 online.
Whether there is water on the moon, how much water there is, what form of water it is, and where the water comes from is controversial, and it has always been a research hotspot in lunar science. At the beginning of the Chang’e-5 mission project demonstration, the research team proposed to extend the spectral range of the lunar mineral spectrometer on the lander to 3.2 μm, and realized the first in-situ detection of the spectral absorption characteristics of lunar surface water in the world. In order to avoid the impact of the dynamic “water” (hydroxyl OH) when the engine plume and the solar wind bombard the lunar surface on the in-situ spectral analysis, the research team carefully designed the timing of acquiring the in-situ detection spectral data. The detection timing was selected 6 hours after landing to avoid the influence of the engine plume composition when the CE-5 probe landed; The dynamic “water” of the lunar surface; the moon (landing zone) is under the protection of the earth’s magnetic field during the spectral measurement, which shields the solar wind and avoids the dynamic “water” (hydroxyl OH) factor produced by the bombardment of the solar wind. In this environment, the Chang’e-5 spectrometer can obtain a “clean” absorption spectrum of “water”. After strict correction and analysis, the research team found that the lunar soil in the Chang’e-5 landing area obviously contains “water” in the form of hydroxyl groups. But the average content is low, only about 30ppm.



At present, it is believed that there are three main sources of lunar “water”: one is (dynamic) hydroxyl substances produced by the interaction between solar wind particles and lunar surface materials; the other is water and hydroxyl-containing substances brought by comets or meteorites that hit the moon; Lunar primary (internal) water. After the lunar samples were returned to Earth, the research team conducted a systematic analysis of the returned lunar samples in the laboratory. The laboratory spectral analysis once again verified the clear existence of hydroxy water, but the research on the existence form, content and source of “water” requires detailed research. Mineral petrological analysis. The Apollo lunar sample study believes that the (impact) cemented glass in the lunar soil contains hydroxyl substances formed by the long-term injection of the solar wind, and the content of cemented glass is an important factor affecting the “water” content in the lunar sample. Laboratory analysis of the returned samples showed that the Chang’e 5 lunar sample is a type of young basalt with a very small content of cemented glass (less than 16%), which is only 1/3 of the Apollo 11 lunar sample, so it is estimated that the Chang’e 5 lunar soil sample The “water” from the solar wind injected into the cemented glass is not more than 18ppm. At the same time, the foreign impact sputters in the lunar soil samples of the Chang’e-5 landing area are very low, and their contribution to “water” can be ignored. Therefore, there must be primary water originating from the interior of the moon in the Chang’e-5 lunar soil samples. Laboratory analysis of the Chang’e-5 lunar samples found at least one hydrous mineral, hydroxyapatite, whose content was uneven, ranging from 0 ppm to 179 ppm (average about 17 ppm) in equivalent samples of hydroxy water, proving that The presence of “water” from the magma crystallization process in the Chang’e-5 lunar soil samples indicates that “water” not only existed, but also played a very important role in the late lunar magmatic activity.


The lunar in-situ detection spectral data of this research result were obtained by the Lunar Mineral Spectrum Analyzer developed by the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The operation management, data reception and processing of the scientific detection load were carried out by the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Lunar Exploration Engineering Ground Application System).

Via CNSA China Space Administration –CLEP China Lunar Exploration project management office

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #April2022 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring the latest research results of Chang’e-4 featured on #ScienceRobotics #ScientificExploration …..

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As of Month of April 2022, The CNSA –China National Space Administration CLEP- China Lunar Exploration Program  Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 with Yutu two the Lunar rover still working exploring more than moved 1142.39 meters on the other side of the moon on the 103 Kilometers Diameter Von Karman Crater in which is least than two length by length fifty five Kilometers Hong Kong –Macau- Zhuhai Bridges …. Working Exploring the Crater on the other side of the Moon Chang’e Luna….

Figure 1 The trajectory of the “Yutu” 2 lunar rover (cover of Science Robotics magazine)

​​ The latest research results of Chang’e-4 …..At the beginning of 2022, by the State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems of Harbin Institute of Technology, Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center, State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aeronautical and Astronautical Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Academy of Space Technology, Ryerson University in Canada, etc. A number of units cooperated and published the title of “A 2-year locomotive exploration and scientific investigation of the lunar farside by the Yutu-2 rover” in the internationally renowned academic journal “Science Robotics”. and Scientific Exploration)” cover paper.

Fig. 2 Analysis of physical and mechanical properties of lunar soil based on “Yutu” 2 wheel-earth interaction

The team estimated the mechanical properties of the lunar soil based on the information on the interaction between the lunar rover wheel and the lunar surface and the ground mechanical model. The results show that the pressure-bearing properties of the lunar soil regolith are similar to the dry sand and sandy loam on the earth, and are similar to those in the American Apollo program. Compared with typical lunar soil, it has stronger pressure bearing characteristics. Large lumps of soil were observed adhering to the wheels of “Yutu 2” in images from different locations, while the wheels of “Yutu 2” basically had no clay phenomenon, indicating that the lunar soil cohesion near the landing area of ​​Chang’e 4 is relatively large , the reason may be that it contains a higher proportion of aggregates, which makes soil particles more likely to agglomerate after being rolled by wheels.

Figure 3 The impact craters and rocks discovered by the “Yutu-2” observation

The research is based on my country’s lunar exploration missions and faces engineering scientific issues. The relevant results can provide theoretical and technical support for future lunar exploration missions. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51822502, 91948202, 41771488), the National Key Research and Development Program (2019YFB1309500), and the “111” Innovation and Talent Introducing Program (BP0719002). The link to the original publication of the results: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abj6660
At present, Chang’e-4 is on the 41st night of the moon. The rover has moved 1142.39 meters, and the two devices and one satellite are in good condition.

Images and visuals are from Chinese lunar exploration project  CNSA- China National Space Administration also from their respectives…!

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #February2022 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring #LunaExploration recently discovered explorationally of macroscopic translucent glass globules Stalagmite detected..

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As of Month of January  2022, The CNSA –China National Space Administration CLEP- China Lunar Exploration Program  Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 with Yutu two the Lunar rover still working exploring more than 1003.9 meters on the other side of the moon on the 103 Kilometers Diameter Von Karman Crater in which is least than two length by length fifty five Kilometers Hong Kong –Macau- Zhuhai Bridges …. Working Exploring the Crater on the other side of the Moon Chang’e Luna….

On the 19th February 2022 week Hong Kong SAR – Beijing Time CNSA CLEP – China National Space Administration –China Lunar Space Program has released the 23rd batch of scientific data released by Chang’e-4 this month’s data came relatively late, but the content is very rich. More than 240 photos include more than 30 color photos. The data collection time announced this time is during the day of the 27th month (2021.02.04~2021.02.19).

is in the last month day In , experts analysed a “milestone” shaped stone, which, in fact, wasn’t the only similarly shaped stone nearby. Just south of the “milestone”, there is another similar stone, which the driving team calls a “stalagmite”, the relationship between the two is marked in Figure 1 (map from Chapter 27 of the Driving Diary). The focus of this moon and day detection is on this “stalagmite”, and the specific process is full of twists and turns. It is recommended that you read the original text of “Driving Diary”. Data source: Lunar and Planetary Data Release System

At 4:32 on February 6 2022 Hong Kong SAR- Beijing Time, Yutu-2 successfully woke up and entered the 27th lunar day, during which it spent its third Spring Festival on the moon.

Last month, we detected the “milestone” rock. Once the news came out, it attracted the attention of scientists all over the world. Dan Moriarty, a researcher at NASA, said: “This rock sample has Similar to the shape of a shark fin, it’s definitely unusual. ” He said that both the shape of the shark fin, and the apparent bulge near the edge of the rock, indicate a very young geological age and a relatively short existence at the site where it was found. Clive Neal, a famous lunar expert at the University of Notre Dame in the United States, also expressed his views on the rocks. While the “milestone” has attracted the attention of the international aerospace science community, Chinese scientists are gradually unravelling the mystery of its identity.

Strange discoveries always come in pairs. Last month, the pilots found a “stalagmite” shaped stone standing in the south direction, similar to the “milestone” shape. The two echoed each other. Everyone decided to act immediately and explore again. “Stalagmite”.

The rhythm of the whole moon, day and morning was tight and orderly. After three moves, Yutu No. 2 arrived near the “stalagmite” before noon on the moon. At this time, the shadow of the car body blocked the target, and it seemed to persuade Yutu to take a nap and explore the “stalagmite” again. , we had to wait for the Yutu to wake up from the lunch break to continue the probe.

Under the scorching sun, Jade Rabbit spent its Spring Festival, and before the fifth day of the first lunar month, it started work early in the day and afternoon. The pilots controlled Yutu-2 to turn to the intended detection heading. According to the previous ground planning path deduction, the road detected at this time is flat, and the bright surface of the “stalagmite” should be able to enter the infrared field of view. However, the obstacle-avoidance images downloaded to the ground are full of artistic “alternation of light and dark”, which is different from the “simple and straightforward” that scientists hoped to be completely illuminated by sunlight.

There are so many exciting moments in lunar exploration. It is within reach, but it seems to be so far away. However, the pilots have been very patient in the long-term detection, and proposed three detection plans for the current situation: go straight ahead, detour to the southwest side of the “stalagmite”, and detour to the southeast to wait for next month’s detection.

Here are a few photos synthesized from the original images:
Figure 2: Color photos of the “Milestone” taken from a distance
Figures 3 and 4: The lunar image taken by Yutu-2 to the “Stalagmite” (you find the Chang’e-4’s photo) Is the lander yet?)
Figure 5: A close-up photo of the “stalagmite”

After repeated deductions and demonstrations, the last plan was not very feasible and was first excluded, and the remaining two plans entered the final PK. Drivers detour from the west side and the southeast side to verify the feasibility of the second option. Detouring from the southeast, there are many potholes along the way. After starting, Yutu No. 2 will step into the pit, which is more dangerous; while the west side seems to be flat along the way, but there is a large impact crater near the end position. Yutu No. 2 The No. 1 can only move around in a small area between the impact crater and the “stalagmite”. Not only is its range of activity severely limited, which may cause the solar wings to be blocked, but it must also return to the original path after detection, which is laborious and dangerous. After several rounds of calculation and demonstration, direct detection wins.

The pilots controlled the Yutu for the first attempt. The preliminary results show that the actual infrared field of view is about 4 cm away from the ideal field of view. The second time, everyone adjusted according to the suggestions of the scientists and tried again, but the results were still biased. The two failed attempts, and the time was approaching zero, and the station resources were almost exhausted. Facing the temptation of the mystery behind the moon, the pilots were still reluctant to give up and decided to try again. They urgently extended the measurement and control arc for an hour, adjusted the posture of the jade rabbit and probed again. With all the hard work, the images uploaded this time show that the infrared field of view finally accurately covers the narrow light of the “stalagmite” !

Those who travel a hundred miles are half and ninety. When it is unknown whether success or failure will come next time, persevering may be our only chance. This time Yutu No.2 and the pilots did it! Next time, would you like to challenge and persevere for your dreams?

Images and visuals are from CNSA- China National Space Administration also from their respectives…