Tag: China Academy of Science Technology

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #February2021|#酒泉衛星發射中心 #JiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter Launching the International Iconic #LongMarch4C #ChangZheng4C #CarrierRocket in Launching deploying three #EarthSciences #RemoteSensing #NanoSatelllites #Satellites for electromagnetic environment detection….

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A successful launch on 1022 morning Hong Kong- Beijing time on 29th January 2021 CNSA –China National Space Administration launching from one of its many launch Complexes from China used the Long March 4C – Chang Zheng 4C carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center – Inner Mongolia- China-People’s Republic of China…. successfully launched Remote Sensing successfully launched the remote sensing 31st group 03 satellites into the air, and the satellites entered the predetermined orbit. Satellites are mainly used to carry out electromagnetic environment detection and related technical tests. This mission is the 361st flight of the Long March series of carrier rockets.

 During the launch of the Long March Chang Zheng 4C – Lingshui Measurement and Control Station of Xi’an Satellite Measurement and Control Center successfully completed the launch measurement and control mission of “Remote Sensing No. 31 Satellite Group 03” February 24, 2021, 10:22, Long March The No. 4 C carrier rocket was ignited at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center of China and successfully sent the remote sensing 31st group 03 satellites into the predetermined orbit. The Lingshui Observation and Control Station of the Xi’an Satellite Observation and Control Center successfully discovered and captured the target, and successfully completed the launch vehicle data. Measurement and telemetry data receiving tasks. Lingshui shepherd always sticks to the same thing, takes root on the island, and carefully guards the magnificent flight of the rocket every time..

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#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #January2021 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring 628.47 Meters #LunaExploration Summary of 746-day scientific research results reveal micro-scale thermal radiation characteristics of the moon….

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As of 20th January 2021 Wednesday, The CNSA –China National Space Administration – CLEP- China Luna Exploration Program Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 successfully awakened and entered the 26th day of the work period….Chang’e 4 enters the 26th moon night] The Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover completed the 26th day of the month at 21:10 and 14:06 on January 20, and were set up according to ground instructions. Enter the moonlit night dormancy. Up to now, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover have worked on the moon for 749 earth days, with a cumulative mileage of 628.47 meters.

The Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover completed the 26th day of the month at 21:10 and 14:06 on January 20, completed the set-up according to ground instructions, and entered moon-night sleep. Up to now, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover have worked on the moon for 749 earth days, with a cumulative mileage of 628.47 meters.

Based on the first-hand data obtained by the Chang’e-4 mission, the scientific research team continues to achieve scientific results. The team of researcher Wu Yunzhao from the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences took a different approach and used the visible near-infrared spectrometer (VNIS) to study the thermal radiation characteristics, obtained the thermal radiation characteristics of the moon on the micro-scale, and performed thermal correction of the spectrum, and related results were published….. In Geophysical Research Letters…

Researcher Wu Yunzhao first discovered the existence of thermal radiation in the spectral data of Chang’e-3 (Wu and Hapke, 2018). The first-month diurnal spectrum data of Chang’e-4 confirmed the discovery, and the tenth day fixed-point measurement provided more observational support. Figure 1 shows that after 2 μm, the spectral uplift gradually strengthens as the sun rises, and gradually decreases as the sun sinks. On the one hand, this discovery helps to interpret spectral data correctly, and on the other hand, it expands the application of spectrometers, not only for studying minerals, but also for studying the thermal radiation of the moon. This study shows that even in the 2 μm and mid-latitude mineral inversion studies, thermal correction is required….

Even in the pure thermal radiation region, the solution of temperature and emissivity is an under-determined equation, while the mid-infrared has both reflection and thermal emission, and temperature solution is more complicated. The study found that, in addition to the material composition, the heat radiation characteristics are significantly affected by the micro-scale roughness (Figure 2). In addition to the phase angle, the influence of the relative azimuth angle between the observation and the incident is very obvious (Figure 3). The two-way roughness slope of the micro-scale topography of the Chang’e-4 lunar soil is 22°-24°.

In the past, the research on the temperature characteristics of the lunar surface was mainly based on macro-satellite remote sensing data, and the wavelength was in the thermal infrared band. This research carried out for the first time the micro-scale and short-wave thermal radiation characteristics of lunar soil, which is of great significance for mid-infrared research. The spectrum used in this study has the superposition of solar reflection and the moon’s own thermal radiation. There are great difficulties in spectral analysis and application, and it is a spectral region that has relatively little research. The mid-infrared spectrum is very useful. Water, OH, organic matter, and minerals have discriminative spectral characteristics in the mid-infrared, and they are the key spectrum for detecting extraterrestrial life substances…

Scientific achievements come from: Researcher Wu Yunzhao’s team at Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences

嫦娥四号进入第26月夜，研究成果揭示月球微尺度热辐射特性

​​     嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车分别于1月20日21时10分和14时06分完成第26月昼工作，按地面指令完成设置，进入月夜休眠。截至目前，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车已在月面工作749个地球日，累计行驶里程628.47米。

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     科研团队根据嫦娥四号任务获取的第一手数据，持续取得科学成果。中国科学院紫金山天文台吴昀昭研究员团队另辟蹊径，将可见光近红外光谱仪（VNIS）用于热辐射特性研究，获得了月球在微尺度上的热辐射特性，并对光谱进行了热校正，相关成果发表在Geophysical Research Letters。

    吴昀昭研究员首次在嫦娥三号光谱数据发现有热辐射存在（Wu and Hapke, 2018）。嫦娥四号第一月昼光谱数据证实了该发现，第十月昼定点测量给出了更多的观测支持。图1可见，2μm后光谱抬升随着太阳升高而逐渐加强，随着太阳下沉而逐渐降低。该发现一方面有助于正确解译光谱数据，另一方面拓展了光谱仪应用，不仅可用于研究矿物，还可用于研究月球的热辐射。该研究表明即便在2 μm且中纬度地区的矿物反演研究也需要进行热校正。

     即便纯热辐射区，温度与发射率的求解也是欠定方程，而中红外既存在反射又存在热发射，温度求解更为复杂。研究发现，除了物质成分外，热辐射特性受微尺度粗糙度显著影响（图2）。除了相角，观测与入射相对方位角的影响非常明显（图3）。获得了嫦娥四号月壤微尺度地形双向粗糙度斜率为22° – 24°。

过去对月表温度特性的研究主要是宏观卫星遥感数据，波长上是热红外波段。本研究首次开展了微观尺度和短波方面的月壤热辐射特性研究，对于中红外研究具有重要意义。本次研究所用谱段存在太阳反射与月球自身热辐射叠加，光谱解析及应用存在较大困难，是研究相对较少的光谱区。而中红外谱段非常有用，水、OH、有机质、矿物在中红外有判断性光谱特征，是探测地外生命物质的关键谱段。

科学成果来自：中国科学院紫金山天文台吴昀昭研究员团队

Images and visuals are from Weibo CNSA –China National Space Administration –CLEP- China Luna Exploration Program..

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #January2021|#西昌衛星發射中心 # Xichang Satellite Launch Center – Successfully launching the iconic #LongMarch3B #ChangZheng3B #CarrierRocket to deploy the #Tiantong1 #satelliteMobileCommunication system…..

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On  the 20th January 2021 Wednesday early mid-morning  CNSA _China National Space Administration -China – People’s Republic of China At 0:25 Hong Kong –Beijing Time on an early morning past midnight of  January 20th , 2021, China successfully launched the Tiantong-1 03 satellite using the Long March 3B carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center Sichuan Province  Lift off. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit, the mission was a complete success, and China’s space launch has a good start in 2021…..

The Tiantong-1 satellite mobile communication system is a satellite mobile communication system independently developed and constructed by my country. It consists of a space segment, a ground segment and user terminals. The Tiantong-1 03 satellite was developed by the China Academy of Space Technology. After being launched into orbit, it will form an integrated world-earth mobile communication network with the ground mobile communication system. Users in most waters of the Indian Ocean provide mobile communication services such as all-weather, all-day, stable and reliable voice, short message and data. This mission is the 358th space flight of the Long March series of carrier rockets.

  During the launching Xi’an Satellite Measurement and Control Center Xiamen Observation and Control Station successfully completed the Tiantong-1 03 satellite launch measurement and control mission] “Xiamen found the target!” “Xiamen telemetry signal is normal!” January 20, 2021 0 At 25:25, the China-developed Tiantong-1 03 satellite carrying the Long March 3B carrier rocket was launched at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, and the satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit. Soon after the rocket lifted off, the Xiamen Observation and Control Station located on the southeast coast found the captured target in time, and continuously transmitted the rocket telemetry data to the Xi’an Satellite Observation and Control Center, successfully completing the launch measurement and control mission. This is the first space launch measurement and control mission completed by the station in 2021….

As well to other tracking  mobile installations .. Yuanwang 5 ship successfully completed the Tiantong-1 03 satellite marine monitoring and control mission] Early this morning, my country successfully launched the Tiantong-1 03 satellite into the air with the Long March 3B carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. The Yuanwang 5 ship under the T&C Department took part in a single-ship test in the scheduled waters of the Pacific Ocean to provide key monitoring and control support for rockets flying into the sky and satellites into orbit. The China Satellite Maritime Department successfully achieved its first maritime measurement and control mission in 2021. It is understood that after completing this mission, the Yuanwang 5 ship will continue to go to the next sea area for measurement and control, and the crew will welcome the arrival of the Spring Festival at sea…..

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#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEPS #January2021 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 making another Luna adventuring more than 600 Meters #LunaExploration Summary of 736-day scientific achievements milestone …..

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As of 7th January 2021 Thursday, The CNSA –China National Space Administration Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 successfully awakened and entered the 26th day of the work period….Waking up  Chang’e 4 awakened smoothly and entered the 26th day of work….. With a new round of dawn on the back of the moon, Chang’e 4 ushered in the 26th day of the month, and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover at 10 o’clock on January 7 waking up at 29 minutes, the lander woken up at 03:13 on January 8. As of today, Chang’e-4 has been in operation for 736 Earth days, continuing to refresh the record of human probes working on the back of the moon.

During the day of this month, the lunar rover will continue to travel towards the basalt distribution area or the impact crater area with high reflectivity (approximately 27m from the current detection point, and there is a degenerated impact crater with a diameter of approximately 160m in the south of the crater), both of which are located in the northwest direction of the current detection point.

With a new round of dawn on the back of the moon, Chang’e 4 ushered in the 26th day of the month. The “Yutu 2” lunar rover awakened at 10:29 on January 7 and the lander at 03:13 on January 8 wake. As of today, Chang’e-4 has been in operation for 736 Earth days, continuing to refresh the record of human probes working on the back of the moon.

During the day of this month, the lunar rover will continue to travel towards the basalt distribution area or the impact crater area with high reflectivity (approximately 27m from the current detection point, and there is a degenerated impact crater with a diameter of approximately 160m in the south of the crater), both of which are located in the northwest direction of the current detection point.

The following exploration activities are planned during the day of this month:

(1) It is preferable to take a panoramic camera ring shot near noon of the moon.

(2) Detection and calibration of infrared imaging spectrometer.

(3) The neutral atom detector is turned on for detection.

(4) Synchronous detection of lunar radar during driving. The scientific research team will continue to conduct scientific analysis on the acquired detection data, and relevant results will be released in time.

 

Previously……. As of 22 December 2020, The CNSA –China National Space Administration Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission The “Yutu-2” lunar rover has a mileage exceeding 600 meters, completing the 25th day of work….The Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover completed the 25th day of the month at 5 o’clock on December 22 and 19:22 on the 21st, respectively. The moon night mode setting was completed according to ground instructions and entered moon night sleep. As of today, the Chang’e-4 lander and the “Yutu-2” lunar rover have been working on the moon for 719 days, and the lunar rover has travelled 600.55 meters in total……

Researchers conduct research and analysis on the detection data obtained in 25 months, and continue to produce scientific results. A recent scientific achievement published in the internationally authoritative academic journal Astrophysical Journal Letters (Xu et al 2020) shows that the lunar neutron and radiation dosimeter mounted on the Chang’e-4 lander detected a solar high-energy particle event on the back of the moon (SEP). This is the first time that a human probe has detected SEP on the surface of the moon, verifying the performance of the instrument, and also made a detailed analysis of the acceleration mechanism and the acceleration source area of the SEP.

Previous observations made by Chang’e-4 indicate that the radiation intensity on the surface of the moon is about 100 times that of the earth (Zhang et al. 2020, Space. Adv.). Since the moon does not have the same atmosphere and magnetic field as the earth, the Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) can easily reach the surface of the moon. Such high-intensity background radiation can cause damage to astronauts working on the surface of the moon. In addition, when solar activity erupts, the solar high-energy particle event will cause the particle flux to increase by thousands of times, and the space radiation will also be greatly enhanced. Therefore, the observation of the arrival of high-energy particles of the sun on the moon is particularly important.

In 2019, the sun is in a very small year, no sunspots have appeared for a long time, and the chance of observing solar high-energy particle events is even smaller. Chang’e-4 captured such an event. The study found that both electrons and protons exhibit good velocity dispersion. By linearly fitting the data points, it is possible to deduce the release time of particles from the acceleration zone and the distance the particles travel in interplanetary space before reaching the moon.

In addition, the proton energy spectrum of this SEP event was further analysed, including the GCR background energy spectrum and the background subtracted energy spectrum. According to the energy spectrum with the background subtracted, the dashed power law spectrum is used to fit it, and it is found that the energy inflection point is about 2.5MeV….

Images and visuals are from Weibo CNSA –China National Space Administration –CLEP- China Luna Exploration Program..

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #December2020 | #WenchangSpacecraftLaunchCenter #文昌航天發射場 #长征八号 The #LongMarch8 #ChangZheng8 #CarrierRocket Successfully launched its test flight for a #ReusableCarrierRocket mission launch for the December calendar … #AGallery

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On a very 22nd December 2020 day in Hainan Province –China –People’s Republic of China….showering in the district area of the Wenchang – Wenchang Spacecraft launch center in which the awesome team at one of many CNSA –China National Space Administration It was learned from the China National Space Administration that at 12:37 Hong Kong – Beijing time on December 22nd Tuesday 2020, China’s self-developed new medium-sized carrier rocket, the Long March 8, first flight test, took place in Wenchang, China The space launch site was implemented smoothly, the rocket flew normally, and the test was a complete success.


The Long March 8 launch vehicle fully inherits the technical achievements of the Long March 5 and Long March 7 launch vehicles. It adopts non-toxic and pollution-free propellant. The core diameter is 3.35 meters, the core diameter is 3 meters, the fairing diameter is 4.2 meters, and 2 bundles. The booster has a diameter of 2.25 meters, a total length of about 50.3 meters, a take-off mass of about 356 tons, and a 700-kilometer solar synchronous orbit carrying capacity of not less than 4.5 tons, which fills the gap in the carrying capacity of China’s sun synchronous orbit from 3 to 4.5 tons. The upgrade of the rocket is of great significance. It will form a new generation of carrier rockets with a reasonable layout of large, medium and small carrying capacity with the Long March 5, Long March 6, and Long March 7 non-toxic and pollution-free launch vehicles.

The five experimental satellites carried by the Long March 8 carrier rocket for the first flight have accurately entered the predetermined orbit. The relevant satellite payload will verify the microwave imaging and other technologies in orbit, and carry out space science, remote sensing, and communication technology experiments and applications.

The Long March 8 launch vehicle project was approved by the National Space Administration in 2017 and organized and implemented. The China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology affiliated to China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation is responsible for the development of the launch vehicle system. The China Satellite Launch and Control System Department is responsible for the flight test organization Implement. This mission is the 356th launch of the Long March series of carrier rockets.

The payloads that was deployed successfully.. Successfully sending five satellites into the scheduled orbit, and the first flight mission was a complete success.
The Long March 8 adopts a core-level bundled configuration with 2 boosters, with a total length of about 50.3 meters, a take-off mass of about 356 tons, a take-off thrust of about 480 tons, a 700-kilometer sun-synchronous orbit with a carrying capacity of not less than 4.5 tons, and can take into account near ground. Orbit and geosynchronous transfer orbit launch requirements.
The first sub-level of Long March 8 has a diameter of 3.35 meters, which is basically the same as the first level of Long March 7 core. The second grade is 3 meters in diameter, which is basically the same as the third grade. The diameter of the booster is 2.25 meters and the diameter of the fairing is 4.2 meters.
The first sub-level is equipped with two 120-ton YF-100 liquid oxygen kerosene engines, the second sub-level is equipped with two 8-ton YF-75 hydrogen-oxygen engines, and each booster is equipped with a 120-ton YF-100 liquid oxygen kerosene engine…….

Previously on a very showering wet 16th December 2020 day in Hainan Province –China –People’s Republic of China….showering in the district area of the Wenchang – Wenchang Spacecraft launch center in which the awesome team at one of many CNSA –China National Space Administration fully assembled with the brilliant team work assembling the fifty meters Long March 8-Chang Zheng8 Carrier Rocket launch vehicle developed by the First Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group completed the technical area related work at the Wenchang Space Launch Site in China and was vertically transferred to the launch area. It is scheduled to be selected at the end of December. Perform flight test missions. Later, the rocket will be filled with propellant and launch as planned

The Long March 8 Chang Zheng 8 Carrier rocket carrier rocket was transferred from the vertical assembly test plant to station 201 this morning. It is planned to launch the new technology verification satellite 7 at noon on December 20th 2020 Sunday…….Long March 8-Chang Zheng 8 Carrier Rocket  total length of 50.34 meters, a take-off weight of about 356 tons, a take-off thrust of about 480 tonnes. The 700km sun-synchronous orbit has a carrying capacity of 5.0t…… in which it has the payload rating for SSO Sun Synchronous Orbit… Also GTO – geosynchronous transfer orbit…..

Images and visuals are from Weibo..