On the 26h November 2022 during the early Hours Hong Kong SAR – Beijing time CNSA –China National Space Administration the Sixth Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group the first 130 ton reusable liquid oxygen kerosene refuelling cycle engine independently developed by the Sixth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group achieved a successful two-start test run success. What are the advantages of this engine? What type of rocket will it support in the future?
中国航空的2022 Supporting the reuse of a new generation of Reusable Carrier Rocket launch vehicles…… Successful trial run of my China- People’s Republic of China first high-thrust reusable liquid oxygen kerosene main engine]…….On November 26, the first two-start test run of the first 130-ton reusable liquid oxygen kerosene supplementary combustion cycle engine independently developed by the Sixth Academy of China Aviation Industry Corporation was a complete success! This type of engine is a space-to-earth shuttle power plant aimed at the reuse of my country’s new generation of launch vehicles. It has the characteristics of high comprehensive performance, strong expansion capability, and high reliability. This engine will strongly support the development of my country’s reusable space vehicles and meet my country’s space station operations To meet the needs of other space activities, and improve my country’s large-scale, low-cost access to space capabilities As Sixth Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology Group Successfully Demonstrated.
On the morning of November 10th 2022 Thursday, CNSA China National Space Admistraton,CASC China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation with the good news of success came from Beijing Yungang 101 test area. Just five days after the first complete machine test run on November 5th 2022 , the 80 Ton Reusable Carrier Rocket Engine developed by Beijing 11 Institute of the Sixth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group. The second test run of the ton-level reusable liquid oxygen methane engine is good great news….!!!
The second test run of the 80-ton reusable liquid oxygen methane engine was a complete success….! The latest news from the Beijing Institute of Aerospace Power of the Sixth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology; this morning, good news of success came from the Yungang Experimental Zone in Beijing. Just five days after the first complete machine test on November 5, the Sixth Academy of Aerospace The 80-ton reusable liquid oxygen methane engine developed for the second test run of the whole machine was reported again, and it was a complete success! This test is the second complete machine test based on the complete success of the first complete machine test. The test time is 50 seconds. The engine starts and shuts down according to the program. The working process is stable and the parameters are normal. The whole engine is further evaluated. Work coordination and matching; obtain the work performance of each component.
The complete success of this test marks that the engine has the conditions to be transferred from the prototype to the first prototype. In the follow-up, the engine performance and function test will be further carried out, and the reliability samples will be accumulated to lay an important technical foundation for the development and application of reusable vehicles….
In order to promote scientific and technological self-reliance and create a good atmosphere for innovation and entrepreneurship, Nantong City launched the “2022 Create Youth Nantong Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition and ‘Let the Nation See You’ Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project Roadshow (Nantong Station)” to further stimulate the vitality of innovation and entrepreneurship among young people.
深蓝航天 Deep Blue Limited – Deep Blue Aerospace One of sixty Chinese private space Carrier Rocket Companies in China-People’s Republic of China… As many of sixty plus Private Rocket Deep Blue Aerospace Co., Ltd. was established in 2017. The company is mainly a high-tech aerospace enterprise that focuses on the direction of liquid recovery and reusable launch vehicles and provides users with commercial launch services. Deep Blue Aerospace Co., Ltd. is headquartered in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province. At the same time, the company has rocket general and liquid engine R&D centers in Yizhuang, Beijing and Xi’an, Shaanxi, respectively, and a rocket power system test base in Tongchuan, Shaanxi…..
The reusable and reusable launch vehicle project is the core project developed by Deep Blue Aerospace, focusing on the research and development of liquid recyclable launch vehicles and the provision of commercial launch services, integrating scientific research, production, testing and launch services. The “Nebula” series of launch vehicles independently developed by Deep Blue Aerospace chose the liquid oxygen kerosene fuel system with higher technical maturity.
Deep Blue Aerospace Kilometre-scale VTVL Vertical Recovery Flight Test
Deep Blue Aerospace’s flagship product “Nebula” series includes “Nebula-1” small and medium-sized liquid launch vehicle, “Nebula-1H” medium and large liquid launch vehicle; the supporting “Thunder” series of liquid rocket engines are respectively “Thunder-R1” Liquid oxygen kerosene engine and “Thunder-R2” liquid oxygen kerosene engine. Deep Blue Aerospace has greatly reduced the cost of rocket launch services and improved launch service capabilities through the vertical recovery and reuse of the first sub-stage of the “Nebula” series of launch vehicles.
On May 6, 2022, Deep Blue Aerospace successfully completed the kilometer-level high-altitude vertical take-off and landing recovery flight test, becoming the second company in the world to complete all low-altitude engineering tests for the vertical recovery and reuse of liquid oxygen kerosene rockets (the first was SpaceX in the United States. ). On June 29, 2022, the test run of Deep Blue Aerospace’s 20-ton liquid oxygen kerosene engine “Thunder-R1” was a complete success.
The footprint continues to expand, and the exploration never stops. The Deep Blue Aerospace team, which has won many awards in recent years, has actively responded to the deployment of the development of the aerospace industry in the overall national development strategy, continuously innovated the technology of recyclable launch vehicles, further increased investment, accelerated the progress of research and development, and strengthened innovation in scientific and technological management. Promoter of the space transportation industry, striving to become a powerful supplement to China’s aerospace industry.
中国空间站 On currently on 29th July 2022 2022, the Belt and Road Initiative CNSA –China National Space Administration on the currently developments of the latest progress of China’s Chang Zheng – LongMarch manned lunar landing carrier rockets Science and Technology Daily reporters learned from the First Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporationon July 28 2022 that the 702 Institute of the Academy recently successfully completed the multi-machine parallel static-motion joint test of my country’s new generation of manned launch vehicles. It strongly supported the smooth transition of the development of this type of rocket to the initial stage.
China- People’s Republic of China’s moon landing rocket has completed the multi-engine parallel static and dynamic test and began to manufacture, and the first flight may not be far away
China’s new generation of manned rockets has made important progress! According to news from the First Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation published by the “Science and Technology Daily” and other media on July 28th 2022, the 702 institutes affiliated to the academy have recently successfully completed the multi-machine parallel static-motion joint test of my country’s new generation of manned launch vehicles. The first step of this type of rocket will be transferred to the initial sample development stage.
At present, my country’s only manned rocket is the Long March 2F rocket, which is especially responsible for transporting China- People’s Republic of China’s Shenzhou spacecraft and Takionauts to the sky. My country’s new generation of manned rockets is a rocket with larger and more advanced capacity. It is also the “921 rocket” that netizens have often said over the years. In fact, its real code name is “CZ-5DF”, which means Chang Zheng- Long March 5. The series of lunar rockets are exactly the rockets prepared for my country’s manned lunar landing.
According to the published data, this rocket is about 100 meters high. After successful development, it will be the highest rocket before the appearance of the Long March 9. It is about the height of a 33-story building, which should be higher than the building you live in. Well, isn’t it shocking?
And it will also be the largest rocket before the appearance of the Long March 9 carrier rocket, with a diameter of 5 meters, the same as the Long March 5, but its shape is very different from the Long March 5, because it adopts the CBC configuration, but It is not a “triple version of Chang 5”, it is not the configuration of the three core-stage rockets of the current Long March 5, because it is not composed of three core-stage rockets of the Long March 5. There are only two YF-77 liquid hydrogen-oxygen engines with a thrust of only 100 tons. The thrust of the Fat Five mainly relies on four bundled boosters. Each booster is equipped with two YF-100 engines with a thrust of 240 tons. , the thrust of the four boosters reached 960 tons, which together contributed to the 1060-ton thrust of the Long March-5 first-stage rocket.
The new generation of manned rockets with This type of rocket weighs about 2,200 tons and is a three-stage and a half configuration. The capacity of the Earth-Moon transfer orbit will not be less than 27 tons, which can meet the capacity requirements for launching China’s new generation of manned spacecraft (within 25 tons in weight). It can also meet the upward mission of large spacecraft in low-Earth orbit, because the orbital carrying capacity of low-Earth orbit will reach more than 70 tons.
Take China’s space station as an example. After the Wentian experimental module was docked, the total weight of China’s space station assembly has now reached 66 tons, and China’s new generation of manned rockets can be sent into orbit with one launch mission. Zhu Xiquan, deputy chief designer of the 702 Institute, said: The successful completion of the parallel static-dynamic joint test of my country’s new generation of manned rockets marks the first time that my country has broken through the large-load static-dynamic joint test technology of launch vehicles. The test with the largest scale, the most technical difficulty and the most complex test process has laid a solid foundation for the new generation of manned launch vehicles to adopt the parallel technology of multiple high-thrust engines.
According to the plan, this rocket will be the main launch vehicle for manned moon landing missions in China in the next 20 to 30 years, so it can also be called China’s first-generation “moon landing rocket”. It is significant, marking that China’s manned lunar landing rocket has entered a substantial manufacturing moment. After the manufacturing is completed, it will be a test flight. It was previously reported that the first flight will be completed before 2025. It can be seen that the first flight is not far away! Moreover, this type of rocket will also expand the recovery and reuse capabilities of the take-off stage in the future, that is, to create a reusable rocket like Musk’s Falcon rocket, which can also greatly reduce the launch cost.
References :”Science and Technology Daily” July 28 article “China’s new generation of manned rockets has made important progress “
On 24th April 2022, China- People’s Republic of China- CNSA –China National Space Administration throughout the China- People’s Republic of China in which on that Day it’s China National Space Day in which it is the sixth China National Space Day in which there’s promotional events across the whole nation.. in which this week there’s promotional release themes on the previously hard working campaigns in space collaboratively in which features many successfully accomplishments in between various sectors among with governmentally to commercially industrial innovative designs of space ..
Long March 9 is a Chinese super-heavy carrier rocket concept that is currently under development. It is the ninth iteration of the Chang Zheng Long March Series Carrier rocket family, named for the Chinese Red Army’s 1934–35 Long March campaign during the Chinese Civil War against the illegal KMT Republic of China government…. During the Space Day of China or中国天文日China Space Day 2022 celebrating there was massive celebrationally events across the China- People’s Republic of China. The newly advancement of the Chang Zheng – Long March Nine Ultra Heavy Carrier Rocket has undergone many design generationally evolutions in the final approach that is with a cluster of ten more engines in which the new design arrangement configuration which is thicker durable taller with that the Chang Zheng – Long March Nine Ultra Heavy Carrier Rocket can be Reusable- reused..
The Chang Zheng Long March 9 Ultra Heavy Carrier- Reusable Rocket has a new polished rod configuration, with a thickness of 11 meters and a height of 111 meters or more, adding 10 new engines….Long Lehao is the chief designer and general consultant of the launch vehicle series of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the deputy chief designer of the lunar exploration project. On March 23, my country’s seventh “China Space Day”, Academician Long Lehao and a number of authoritative figures in the aerospace field were invited to the School of Astronautics of Beijing Institute of Technology. At the first report meeting, Academician Long Lehao gave a lecture on aerospace knowledge and communicated with teachers and students. During this period, he announced the latest design plan of the Long March 9, which quickly attracted widespread attention.
Many friends know that Academician Long announced a new configuration plan of the Chang Zheng Long March 9 when he visited the University of Hong Kong just last year. It is often called “21 version of Chang Zheng Long March 9 (2021 version)” on the Internet. The new version released this year is basically the same. Yu overthrew last year’s version, so what about this 22nd version (2022 version) Long March 9? Let’s take a look first.
The picture above is the PPT picture of the evolution of the configuration of the Long March 9 rocket announced by Academician Long Lehao during his visit to the University of Hong Kong in 2021. The far right is the 2021 version of the Long March 9.
The picture above shows the latest version of the Long March No. 9 PPT screen released by Academician Long Lehao at Beijing Institute of Technology on April 23 this year.
According to the composition and data of the 22nd version of Chang Zheng Long March 9, which appeared in Academician Long’s PPT presentation, this latest version of the Long March 9 continues the 21st version of the bare rod without booster configuration, but it is thicker and longer than the 21st version. Now, the core stage of the latter has a diameter of 10.6 meters, while the diameter of the 22 Chang Zheng Long March 9 has reached 11 meters, and both the first and second stage rockets are 11 meters in diameter, which is larger than the Saturn V used by the United States to land on the moon. (The diameter of the first stage is 10.1 meters) and it is nearly 1 meter thicker, which is also thicker than NASA’s SLS super-heavy rocket (the first stage of the rocket core stage is 8.4 meters in diameter) and Musk’s starship (9 meters in diameter). If it is successfully developed, it can be called the thickest rocket in history.
The picture above shows the size comparison of the three Long March 9 rockets and my country’s “Hainan” amphibious assault ship. The third from the left is the 2021 version of the Long March 9.
In terms of the diameter of the rocket, this is actually at least the third time that the Chang Zheng Long March 9 plan has become thicker. The design plan of the Long March 9 launched in 2011 has a diameter of 9.5 meters (another 4 boosters). It is 10.6 meters, and this year it has become 11 meters. It can be said that it is getting thicker and thicker.
However, the configuration of this rocket is not only thick, but also magical. When the second-stage rocket transitions to the third-stage rocket, it suddenly shrinks to a diameter of 7.5 meters, but when it reaches the fairing, it suddenly thickens to a diameter of 10 meters. The shape of the third stage to the fairing is like a waist gourd, which is very strange.
The height of the 22nd version of Chang Zheng Long March 9 has also changed, and it has become taller! The total length has reached 111 meters, which is comparable to the height of a 37-story building, 0.4 meters higher than Saturn 5, and 13 meters higher than NASA’s SLS rocket (98 meters in height for the manned version). It is 103 meters, and the height of the 2021 version of Chang Zheng Long March 9 is 108 meters, and now it has increased by 3 meters, and the height is constantly being refreshed.
The far right side of the picture above is the 2021 version of the Long March 9. It can be seen that it is much larger than the 2011 version of the three different configurations of the Long March 9 on the right. The new version of the Long March 9 released this year is larger than the 2021 version, it is conceivable How amazing its physique should be.
Not only is it thicker and longer (or taller), it also has more rocket launches. In the key equipment components, the biggest change in the new configuration of the Long March 9 is its engine. The 2011 version of the Long March 9 design plan is equipped with four YF-130 liquid oxygen kerosene engines for the core stage rocket (a single thrust of about 480 tons) ,), each of the 4 boosters is equipped with 2 YF-130 liquid oxygen kerosene engines, so that the total thrust of the first-stage rocket can reach about 5,800 tons; The core three-stage rocket is equipped with four 25-ton YF-79 hydrogen-oxygen engines.
In the 2021 version of the Chang Zheng Long March 9plan, 4 boosters were abandoned, and the bottom of the core-level polished rod rocket was replaced with 16 YF135 liquid oxygen kerosene engines (a single thrust of about 370 tons). This design is similar to the original version. The thrust is the same, but the boosterless configuration becomes simpler, the aerodynamic efficiency is better, the weight is also reduced by 15 tons, and the launch efficiency is also improved.
The engines of the 2021 version of Chang Zheng Long March 9 second- and third-stage rockets have also been replaced. The core two-stage rocket has been replaced by 2 YF-90 hydrogen-oxygen engines with a thrust of 220 tons to four 120HO hydrogen-oxygen engines with a thrust of 120 tons. The ratio increased by 40 tons, and the core three-stage rocket was replaced by a 120HO hydrogen-oxygen engine from four 25-ton YF-79 hydrogen-oxygen engines, and the thrust was increased by 20 tons.
After such an improvement, the take-off weight of the rocket has been reduced by dozens of tons, and the carrying capacity and carrying efficiency have also been improved. The capacity of the low-Earth orbit has increased from 140 tons in the 2011 version of the Chang Zheng Long March 9 plan to 150 tons, the capacity of the Earth-Moon transfer orbit has increased from 50 tons to 53 tons, and the capacity of the ground-fire transfer orbit has reached between 45 and 50 tons. Load factor and load efficiency.
But the most eye-catching change in the 2022 version of the Long March No. 9 plan is the engine. First, the number of engines has increased, and 26 200-ton liquid oxygen methane engines are used, and there is no model for this engine, so it should not be a project. The thrust of such a first-stage rocket is 5,200 tons, which is lower than the previous two versions, about 700 tons, but the carrying capacity has not been reduced. The transfer rail carrying capacity is 50 tons.
As for why a liquid oxygen methane engine is used, it is because methane has many advantages over kerosene and liquid hydrogen. First, the storage temperature of methane and liquid oxygen is not much different. Methane is minus 161 ℃, and liquid oxygen is At minus 183°C, set up a refrigeration device to separate two spaces, and set them at different temperatures to store them together. However, the storage temperature of liquid hydrogen is minus 253°C, which is quite different, while kerosene can be stored at room temperature. Therefore, in terms of refrigeration, it is more troublesome to place liquid oxygen together with kerosene or liquid hydrogen. If the insulation is not done well, liquid hydrogen will freeze liquid oxygen to solidify, and liquid oxygen will freeze kerosene to solidification. , it is necessary to add a lot of necessary things or equipment, which increases the weight of the rocket and reduces the launch efficiency ratio.
Nowadays, liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen engines are considered ideal, but in fact the density of liquid hydrogen is very low. The liquid hydrogen storage tank in the rocket is at least 5 times larger than the liquid oxygen storage tank. The huge storage tank also increases the weight of the rocket. The methane storage tank is similar in size to the liquid oxygen storage tank, so considering all aspects of data and characteristics, the liquid oxygen methane rocket is the best choice.
Moreover, this liquid oxygen methane engine is also the best choice for building a recyclable and reusable rocket. This is also the “Raptor” liquid oxygen methane engine that Musk must use to build the starship (the original thrust is 180 tons, and the upgraded version has a thrust of 250 tons) The reason for this, and the new version of the Long March 9 PPT picture released by Academician Long, the first design purpose of the program is “reusable” use, so this time the main focus is also the “reusable” function of Chang Zheng Long March 9.
The picture above shows the three “Raptor” liquid oxygen methane engines used on the starship.
Perhaps it is precisely because of the configuration of the liquid oxygen methane rocket and the various advantages of this engine that Academician Long Lehao updated last year’s design with the 2022 version of the Long March 9 plan announced this year. This liquid oxygen methane rocket is also a giant The most ideal choice for rockets, it can even be recycled and reused in the future, and if the design is in place, the thrust-to-weight ratio of this engine will be very ideal, which also allows the volume of the engine to be made very small, so the lower end of the first stage rocket can be used. Install a number of liquid oxygen methane engines.
The number of engines of our rocket is not fixed. There are 29 to 32 Raptor engines under the first stage of Musk’s starship, and a maximum of 37 engines can be installed, but its diameter is only 9 meters. If we can develop If there is a liquid oxygen methane engine with the same thrust-to-weight ratio as the “Raptor”, then the number of engines that can be installed under the first level of the 2022 Long March 9 is not only 26, so the 26 engines mentioned by Academician Long are likely to be the minimum basic The version, if it is opened, can even put 50 “Raptor” equivalent engines under the super rocket with a diameter of 11 meters, and the thrust can reach 10,000 tons. If it can achieve 1/3 of the thrust upgrade like the Raptor, the total thrust can even reach With a total thrust of 13,000 tons, the carrying capacity can be greatly increased by 1 to 3 times.
Of course, this is only an idea at present. my country’s Long March 9 super-heavy rocket was approved last year. The manufacturing plan is basically the 2011 version of Chang 9. The various components used have also been rolled off the assembly line. It is estimated that in the next few years The assembly will be completed one after another, and the first flight will take place before 2029 at the latest. It will be a major power in my country’s aerospace field in the new era.
The picture above shows the interstage ring of the Long March 9, which is under development, and has already begun to be manufactured.
The above picture shows the actual scale simulation of the Long March 5 rocket (small left) and the 2011 version of the Long March 9 rocket (large right).
But this does not mean that the new version of the Long March 9 will not be manufactured. What Long Lao proposed is an improved optimization plan. It is not only the digestion, absorption and re-innovation of the world’s advanced aerospace technology, but also represents the future development direction of my country’s aerospace industry. The two Chang 9 versions proposed by Long Lao in the past two years are both bare-rod and non-boosted configurations, indicating that this configuration of the Long March 9 giant rocket will become a new development direction, and maybe there will be better configurations in the future. , but at present, the 22nd version of Chang Zheng Long March 9 is the most advantageous configuration scheme…..
References:
“Guangming.com” article on April 24 “Aerospace lights up dreams, BIT launches “Space Moon” activity”
“The Paper” June 24, 2021 article “The Diary of Space Entering Hong Kong, the University of Hong Kong welcomes the 83-year-old Academician Long Lehao, and changes to the scene of chasing stars in seconds “
Images and visuals are from their respectives. 科技前沿技术信息 | 科普博览
