Tag: Change 4

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEPS #November2020 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 making another Luna trekking 520 Meters more #LunaExploration Summary of 677-day scientific achievements milestone …..

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As of 10 November 2020, The CNSA –China National Space Administration Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission CLEP on the One Hundred Kilometer diameter Von Karman Crater    Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover the Chang’e-4 lander and the “Yutu-2” lunar rover have completed 21-month scientific exploration on the back of the moon. They broke through 677 Earth  Days On the far back of the moon, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover ended their moon night dormancy at 3:12 on November 10 and 10:17 on November 9 respectively. They were awakened by light and ushered in the first 24 days. Up to now, Chang’e-4 has successfully operated for 677 Earth days.

Based on the data of the panoramic camera spliced images and DOM images of the detection point, the “Yutu-2” lunar rover will continue to drive northwest during the 24th day of the month, targeting the basalt direction or the impact crater area with high reflectivity. Near the noon of the moon, the “Yutu-2” lunar rover plans to take at least one panoramic camera ring shot, and the infrared imaging spectrometer, neutral atom detector, and lunar radar will carry out simultaneous detection.

Go to the nearest impact crater with brighter reflectivity (purple circled area), the red circle is the location of the rock block

  As the “Yutu-2” lunar rover continues to move northwest, scientists from the core team of Chang’e-4 use the first-hand data returned to continue to produce scientific results. The scientific team recently published an article in the SCI journal “Science China Information Sciences” and pointed out that the impact during the formation of the Antarctic-Aitken Basin is likely to penetrate the lunar crust and impact deep lunar material.

Since the remote sensing observation of the back of the moon by orbiting satellites, a large number of studies have revealed the existence of mafic anomalies at the bottom of the Antarctic-Aitken Basin, which also have different chemical properties compared to returned samples and lunar meteorites. Chang’e-4 probed the sputter layer at the bottom of the impact crater in the Antarctic-Aitken Basin and found that the characteristics of mafic minerals in this area are similar to remote sensing data.

Research data shows that the mafic minerals in the rocks and lunar soil in the Chang’e 4 landing area are dominated by clinopyroxene, which has the same composition as the rapidly cooling magma system. It is believed that the material in the landing zone of Chang’e 4 mainly comes from the recrystallization of the impact melt. The patrol and detection of “Yutu-2” in this area provided a scientific basis for in-depth understanding of the cause of the mafic anomaly at the bottom of the Antarctic-Aitken Basin….

在遥远的月球背面，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车分别于11月10日3时12分和11月9日10时17分结束月夜休眠，受光照自主唤醒，迎来第24月昼。截至目前，嫦娥四号已顺利工作677个地球日。​

基于探测点全景相机拼接影像、DOM影像等数据情况，“玉兔二号”月球车将在第24月昼期间继续向西北方向行驶，目标为玄武岩方向或反射率较高的撞击坑区域。在接近月午时，“玉兔二号”月球车计划进行至少1次全景相机环拍，红外成像光谱仪、中性原子探测仪、测月雷达开展同步探测。

 随着“玉兔二号”月球车向西北方向不断前行，嫦娥四号核心团队科学家利用传回的第一手数据，持续产出科学成果。科学团队近期发表在SCI期刊《Science China Information Sciences》上的一篇文章中指出：南极–艾特肯盆地形成时的撞击很可能穿透月壳，撞击出月球深部物质。

自轨道卫星实现对月球背面的遥感观测以来，大量研究揭示南极-艾特肯盆地底部存在镁铁质异常，相比返回样品以及月球陨石，也有着不同的化学特性。嫦娥四号通过对南极-艾特肯盆地撞击坑底部溅射物层的探测，发现该区域镁铁质矿物特征与遥感数据相似。

研究数据显示，嫦娥四号着陆区的石块及月壤中镁铁质矿物以单斜辉石为主，这种辉石成分与快速冷却的岩浆系统一致。研究认为嫦娥四号着陆区物质主要来自撞击熔融体的重结晶。“玉兔二号”在这一区域的巡视探测为深入认识南极-艾特肯盆地底部镁铁质异常区的成因提供了科学依据。​​​​

One Mare crisium featured with times frozen Luna mantle layering features..

Images and visuals are from Weibo CNSA –China National Space Administration –CLEP- China Luna Exploration Program..

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEPS #October2020 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission#嫦娥 #Change4 #玉兔#Yutu2 #JadeRabbit waking up to a Lunar morning exploration 647 #EarthDays on the #VonKarman #Crater..

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As of 11th October 2020, The CNSA –China National Space Administration Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission on the One Hundred Kilometer diameter Von Karman Crater    Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover the Chang’e-4 lander and the “Yutu-2” lunar rover Chang’e 4 lander and “Yutu 2” lunar rover usher in the 23rd day…… With the sun spreading on the back of the moon again, Chang’e 4 lander and “Yutu 2” lunar rover successfully awakened and ushered in the 23rd day work period (the lander awakened at 11:56 on October 11th and the lunar rover at 18:57 on October 10). Up to now, Chang’e-4 has successfully spent 647 Earth days on the back of the moon.


 Based on the panoramic camera stitched images, DOM images and other data, during the day of this month, the “Yutu-2” lunar rover will drive toward the basalt distribution area or the impact crater area with high reflectivity, both of which are located northwest of the current detection point . In this travel route, there is a rock block with a diameter of about 30cm. The “Yutu-2” lunar rover will use an infrared imaging spectrometer to select an opportunity to perform spectral detection of the rock.
        

In addition, near the noon of the moon, it is planned to carry out the panoramic camera ring shooting, the infrared imaging spectrometer and the neutral atom detector will carry out related scientific detection work, and the lunar radar will carry out synchronous …

With the sun spreading on the back of the moon again, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover successfully awakened independently, ushering in the 23rd day of the day (the lander awakened at 11:56 on October 11, the moon The Lunar Rover  woke up at 18:57 on October 10). Up to now, Chang’e-4 has successfully spent 647 Earth days on the back of the moon.​

The purple circled area is the closest impact crater with brighter reflectivity, the red circle is the location of the rock block, the white line is the planned driving path, the purple circled area is the closest impact crater with brighter reflectivity, and the red circle is the location of the rock block. The white line is the planned driving path

Based on the panoramic camera stitched image, DOM image and other data, during the day of this month, the “Yutu-2” lunar rover will drive toward the basalt distribution area or the impact crater area with high reflectivity, both of which are located northwest of the current detection point . In this travel route, there is a rock block with a diameter of about 30cm. The “Yutu-2” lunar rover will use an infrared imaging spectrometer to select an opportunity to perform spectral detection of the rock.

Position of rock block to be detected

In addition, near the noon of the moon, it is planned to carry out the panoramic camera ring shooting, the infrared imaging spectrometer and the neutral atom detector will carry out relevant scientific detection work, and the lunar radar will carry out synchronous detection during the driving. The latest scientific results will be released in time.

随着太阳光再次铺洒月球背面，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车成功自主唤醒，迎来第23月昼工作期（着陆器于10月11日11时56分唤醒，月球车于10月10日18时57分唤醒）。截至目前，嫦娥四号已在月球背面顺利度过647个地球日。​

紫色圆圈区域为距离最近、反射率较亮的撞击坑，红圈为岩块位置，白线条为计划行驶路径紫色圆圈区域为距离最近、反射率较亮的撞击坑，红圈为岩块位置，白线条为计划行驶路径

基于全景相机拼接影像、DOM影像等数据，在本月昼期间“玉兔二号”月球车将向玄武岩分布区域或反射率较高的撞击坑区域行驶，这两个位置均位于当前探测点西北方向。在此行进路线中，存在一枚直径约为30cm的岩块，“玉兔二号”月球车将利用红外成像光谱仪择机对该石块进行光谱探测。

拟探测岩块位置拟探测岩块位置

此外，在接近月午时，计划开展全景相机环拍，红外成像光谱仪与中性原子探测仪将开展相关科学探测工作，行驶过程中测月雷达开展同步探测。最新科学成果将及时发布。

Images and visuals are from Weibo.. ​​​​

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEPS #August2020 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 making another Luna trekking 520 Meters more #LunaExploration Summary of 600-day scientific achievements milestone …..

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As of 26 August 2020, The CNSA –China National Space Administration Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission on the One Hundred Kilometre diameter Von Karman Crater    Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover the Chang’e-4 lander and the “Yutu-2” lunar rover have completed 21-month scientific exploration on the back of the moon. They broke through 600 days on August 25 and the rover travelled 519.29 meters. The scientific research team uses the data returned by the scientific payload to carry out a large number of studies and obtain many scientific results.

  1. Research on the morphology and mineral composition of the inspection area on the back of the moon. Using the visible and near-infrared spectrometer, panoramic camera and lunar radar data carried by the “Yutu-2” lunar rover, analyse the spectrum, rock distribution, and shallow structure of the landing area to obtain the morphology of the landing area and the composition of the material and minerals. , Source and characteristics of scientific conclusions. It is the first time to directly obtain the composition of the deep lunar material through in-situ exploration, revealing the complex impact history of the back of the moon, especially the Aitken Basin in Antarctica, providing key evidence for the formation and evolution of the lunar soil, and selecting sites for future Antarctic landings and inspections. Provide important reference.

  1. Research on the superficial structure of the moon’s surface in the inspection area on the back of the moon. Based on the lunar measuring radar and camera data of the Chang’e-4 lander and other multi-source data, research and establish the relationship between the formation profile of the Chang’e-4 landing area and the multi-phase sputter coverage. The accumulated thickness of the sputters in the landing area is about 70 meters, and the surface is the spatter of the Finsen impact crater; within the depth of the inspection area of ​​40 meters, there are 3 different stratigraphic units, including the fine-grained lunar soil layer within 12 meters, 12 24 meters of gravel layer and 24 meters to 40 meters of sputter deposition and weathering product layer. These results reveal for the first time the mystery of the underground structure on the back of the moon, greatly improving our understanding of the history of lunar impact and volcanic activity, and bringing new enlightenment to the study of geological evolution on the back of the moon.

  1. Lunar surface neutron and radiation dose, neutral atom research. Using the detection data of the Lunar Surface Neutron and Radiation Dose Detector and the Neutral Atom Detector of the Chang’e-4 lander, the environmental spectrum of high-energy particles on the lunar surface, the energy spectrum structure and albedo of the neutral atom on the lunar surface are obtained. The neutron radiation dose rate on the moon surface is 1-2 times higher than that inside the space station, and the radiation dose equivalent is about 1 times higher. It is confirmed that the primary galactic cosmic rays hit the surface of the moon, producing albedo protons (first discovered on the US Lunar Orbiter, this time it was verified on the moon surface). These results provide important support for conducting research on the microscopic interaction between the solar wind and the lunar surface, promote the understanding of lunar surface radiation risks, and provide an important reference for future lunar astronauts’ lunar surface radiation hazards estimation and radiation protection design.

  1. Moon-based low-frequency radio astronomy observation and research. Using the low-frequency radio spectrometer on the Chang’e-4 lander platform, the first successful low-frequency radio astronomical observation on the back of the moon was carried out, and a large amount of effective observation data was obtained. The preliminary acquisition of the electromagnetic environment background frequency spectrum and low-frequency radio three-component time-varying waveform data of the lunar landing zone below the frequency of 40MHz has important scientific significance for the study of solar low-frequency radio characteristics and the low-frequency radio environment of the moon surface.

​​​截至今天，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车在月球背面共完成21个月昼工作期的科学探索，在8月25日突破600天，月球车累积行驶519.29米。科研团队利用科学载荷传回的数据，开展大量研究，取得诸多科学成果。

1.月球背面巡视区形貌和矿物组份研究。利用“玉兔二号”月球车搭载的可见和近红外光谱仪、全景相机及测月雷达等数据，对着陆区光谱、石块分布、浅层结构等进行分析，获得着陆区形貌，物质矿物组成、来源及特性等科学结论。首次通过原位探测直接得到月球深部物质组成，揭示月球背面，特别是南极艾特肯盆地复杂的撞击历史，对月壤的形成与演化模型提供关键证据，为日后南极着陆和巡视探测选址等提供重要参考。

2.月球背面巡视区月表浅层结构研究。根据嫦娥四号着陆器测月雷达和相机数据以及其他多源数据，研究建立嫦娥四号着陆区地层剖面及多期次溅射物覆盖关系。着陆区溅射物累加厚度约70米，表面为芬森撞击坑溅射物；在巡视区深度40米范围内，存在3种不同地层单元，包括12米范围内的细粒月壤层、12米-24米的碎石层和24米-40米的溅射物沉积和风化产物层。这些结果首次揭开月球背面地下结构的神秘面纱，极大地提高我们对月球撞击和火山活动历史的理解，为月球背面地质演化研究带来新的启示。

3.月面中子及辐射剂量、中性原子研究。利用嫦娥四号着陆器月表中子与辐射剂量探测仪和中性原子探测仪探测数据，获得月表高能粒子辐射环境谱、月表中性原子能谱结构和反照率。月表中子辐射剂量率比空间站内部高1-2倍，辐射剂量当量高1倍左右。证实初级银河宇宙射线撞击月球表面，产生反照质子（最早在美国环月轨道器上被发现，此次在月表得到了实地验证）。这些成果为开展太阳风与月表微观相互作用研究提供重要支撑，促进对月表辐射风险的认知，为未来月球航天员所受月表辐射危害估算及辐射防护设计提供重要参考。

4.月基低频射电天文观测与研究。利用嫦娥四号着陆器平台的低频射电频谱仪，在月球背面首次成功开展低频射电天文观测，获得大量有效观测数据。初步获取40MHz频率以下的月背着陆区电磁环境本底频谱和低频射电三分量

Images and visuals are from Weibo..

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEPS #中国探月|#August2020 #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Waking up on another Luna trekking Luna with #LunaExploration ….

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On 12th August 2020 – Monday……  The CNSA –China National Space Administration Belt and Road Initiative……On the far side of the moon on the least one hundred Kilometer diameter Von Karman Carter in which, with a new round of dawn, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover ended their moon night dormancy at 14:54 on August 13 and 20:34 on August 12, respectively. Wake up by light and enter the 21st day working period. The working conditions of the two instruments are normal, the energy is balanced, and the exploration journey on the back of the moon continues.

According to the panoramic camera stitched image, DOM image and other data, the “Yutu-2” lunar rover will drive to the basalt or high-reflectivity impact crater area northwest of the current detection point during the daytime work period of this month. At that time, the panoramic camera, infrared imaging spectrometer, and central atom detector will be turned on for detection, and the moon-measuring radar will carry out simultaneous detection during driving……

In addition, the “Yutu-2” lunar rover plans to choose an opportunity to carry out panoramic ring shooting in the higher terrain at the junction of the two impact craters (the edge of the degraded impact crater).

Previous work The preparationally work Launching towards the Dark side of the moon in which to establishment of communication with Queqiao- Known as the Magpie Bridge in which namely relating to the Jin Dynasty story with Cowhearder and Weaver girl in which the Magpie forms a Milky way bridge to  have the lovers to meet together …..  In which is the same way for making that communications relay point with the other side of the moon with Earth… in which Chang’e is the name of the Luna goddess in which relates towards the Mid-Autumn festival…..  in which related to a time in Imperial China History where there was massive famine where it was the weather environment was so unbearable to live in which it relates to it was so hot it felt like ten suns had heated up on Middle Kingdom –China in which a General whom Archery skills where unmatched that he fired his arrows towards nine suns therefore reducing the hot environment…after the events the Archer General Hou Yi was given the  elixir of immortality in which apparent someone was tempting to steal the elixir then Hou Yi wife intervene by eating the pill then she ascend towards the night sky toward the moon with.. in Hou Yi paid tribute to his wife with many offerings to her during the Mid-Autumn festival..

It is the first time that CNSA has sent a lunar rover towards the other side of the moon, also it’s the first time a Space agency has done so… Chang’e four Lunar Rover is the advance version of also its was currently a backup rover to its older sisters… Landing on the far side of the moon, is the proposal Von Karman Crater, with the flat basin Chang’e four mission profile is to measure the lunar surface temperature over during its mission duration, to measure the various chemicals and material compositions on that side of the moon… also the rover acts like a radio astronomy in low frequencies also cosmic ray structure identification or solar weather Coronal Mass Ejection observation between the Sun and Earth..

In which with this mission experience there’s another sister on her way towards the moon in Change5 lunar Rover with a returnable sample launcher spacecraft module in which Change5 Lunar Rover Launch is expected to be launch by 2020.. In which it’ll Data procurement role will be more expansive than her current sister Change4, with more experiments installations onboard to study the Lunar landscape more closely..

在遥远的月球背面，伴随着新一轮的曙光，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车分别于8月13日14时54分和8月12日20时34分结束月夜休眠，受光照自主唤醒，进入第21月昼工作期。两器工况正常，能量平衡，继续月球背面的探索之旅。

根据全景相机拼接影像、DOM影像等数据，“玉兔二号”月球车在本月昼工作期，将向当前探测点西北方向玄武岩或反射率较高的撞击坑区域行驶。届时全景相机、红外成像光谱仪、中心原子探测仪将开机探测，行驶过程中测月雷达开展同步探测。

此外，“玉兔二号”月球车计划在两个撞击坑交界处（退化撞击坑边缘）的地势较高区域择机开展全景环拍。

Images and visuals are from Weibo CNSA China National Space Administration also CLEPS..  China Lunar Exploration Program中国探月…..

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #July2020 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 making another Luna trekking 490 Metres more #LunaExploration milestone …..

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On 27th July 2020 Monday ……  The CNSA –China National Space Administration Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission on the One Hundred Kilometre diameter Von Karman Crater    Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover completed the twentieth day of the work, at 10:20 and 0:34, respectively, according to the ground instructions to complete the moon night mode setting, and enter the twentieth Moonlit night.

During the twentieth day of the day, the Chang’e 4 lander and the “Yutu 2” lunar rover carried out routine surveys as planned. The scientific payloads were working normally and first-hand scientific survey data were obtained. The “Yutu-2” lunar rover continued to travel northwest, with a cumulative mileage of 490.9 meters ….

So far, the combination of “Chang’e” and “Jade Rabbit” has successfully worked on the back of the moon for 20 working periods, far exceeding the design life, and constantly refreshing the human record of scientific exploration of the back of the moon. At the same time, “Chang’e” and “Jade Rabbit” wish “Tianwen No.1” a smooth journey.

On which on an Eighth December 2018, in the early Morning Saturday, launching from Xichang Satellite Launch center, in Sichuan Province- China from one of many of CNSA – China National Space Administration launch complexes… in which on the early hours of 0223 Morning Beijing time, it launched on the Reliable Long March 3B Carrier Rocket … in which that the Lunar Rover is been delivered towards the moon’s dark side, in which a previous communications satellite relay package mission has been sent  early this year in which it was launch on 21st May 2018, on a an reliable Long March 4C configuration Carrier Rocket…  in which creating a communications relay back to the CNSA’s Communications network towards it respective centres .. For the Belt and Road Initiative science organisations with Netherlands, Germany, Sweden also Saudi Arabia..

The Change4 Lunar Probe is design like a rover explorationally mobile unit, in which its design as a very low receiving frequency astronomically Radio observatory, with various installations onboard  to procure, data analysis information by surveying the lunar landscape, also study various materials, chemical compositions within the surface..  Also to study Neutron radiation levels also Neutral Atoms …

In that prior mission on 21st May 2018 it was preparations towards a later mission to Launch Chang’e 4 Lunar Probe that would land on the Dark Side of the moon in which Earth’s Moon Luna is Tidally Lock one side is constant facing Earth the other side is not due to the Earth’s history it slowly gradually stop the Moons rotation..

The preparationally work Launching towards the Dark side of the moon in which to establishment of communication with Queqiao- Known as the Magpie Bridge in which namely relating to the Jin Dynasty story with Cowhearder and Weaver girl in which the Magpie forms a Milky way bridge to  have the lovers to meet together …..  In which is the same way for making that communications relay point with the other side of the moon with Earth… in which Chang’e is the name of the Luna goddess in which relates towards the Mid-Autumn festival…..  in which related to a time in Imperial China History where there was massive famine where it was the weather environment was so unbearable to live in which it relates to it was so hot it felt like ten suns had heated up on Middle Kingdom –China in which a General whom Archery skills where unmatched that he fired his arrows towards nine suns therefore reducing the hot environment…after the events the Archer General Hou Yi was given the  elixir of immortality in which apparent someone was tempting to steal the elixir then Hou Yi wife intervene by eating the pill then she ascend towards the night sky toward the moon with.. in Hou Yi paid tribute to his wife with many offerings to her during the Mid-Autumn festival..

It is the first time that CNSA has sent a lunar rover towards the other side of the moon, also it’s the first time a Space agency has done so… Chang’e four Lunar Rover is the advance version of also its was currently a backup rover to its older sisters… Landing on the far side of the moon, is the proposal Von Karman Crater, with the flat basin Chang’e four mission profile is to measure the lunar surface temperature over during its mission duration, to measure the various chemicals and material compositions on that side of the moon… also the rover acts like a radio astronomy in low frequencies also cosmic ray structure identification or solar weather Coronal Mass Ejection observation between the Sun and Earth..

In which with this mission experience there’s another sister on her way towards the moon in Change5 lunar Rover with a returnable sample launcher spacecraft module in which Change5 Lunar Rover Launch is expected to be launch by 2020.. In which it’ll Data procurement role will be more expansive than her current sister Change4, with more experiments installations onboard to study the Lunar landscape more closely..

今天，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车完成第二十月昼工作，分别于10时20分和0时34分，按地面指令完成月夜模式设置，进入第二十月夜。

第二十月昼期间，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车按计划开展常规探测，科学载荷工作正常，获取第一手科学探测数据。“玉兔二号”月球车继续向西北方向行进，累积行驶里程490.9米。

迄今为止，“嫦娥”“玉兔”组合已在月球背面顺利工作20个工作期，远远超出设计寿命，不断刷新着人类对月球背面科学探测的记录。同时，“嫦娥”和“玉兔”祝愿“天问一号”征途顺利。

【嫦娥”“玉兔”再入梦乡，“天问一号”正在征途】今天，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车完成第二十月昼工作，分别于10时20分和0时34分，按地面指令完成月夜模式设置，进入第二十月夜。第二十月昼期间，嫦娥四号着陆器和“玉兔二号”月球车按计划开展常规探测，科学载荷工作正常，获取第一手科学 ​​​​..

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