yutu 2 – Page 2 – KevinJamesNg

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #April2022 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring the latest research results of Chang’e-4 featured on #ScienceRobotics #ScientificExploration …..

April 15, 2022 kevinjamesngLeave a comment

As of Month of April 2022, The CNSA –China National Space Administration CLEP- China Lunar Exploration Program Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 with Yutu two the Lunar rover still working exploring more than moved 1142.39 meters on the other side of the moon on the 103 Kilometers Diameter Von Karman Crater in which is least than two length by length fifty five Kilometers Hong Kong –Macau- Zhuhai Bridges …. Working Exploring the Crater on the other side of the Moon Chang’e Luna….

Figure 1 The trajectory of the “Yutu” 2 lunar rover (cover of Science Robotics magazine)

The latest research results of Chang’e-4 …..At the beginning of 2022, by the State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems of Harbin Institute of Technology, Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center, State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Aeronautical and Astronautical Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Academy of Space Technology, Ryerson University in Canada, etc. A number of units cooperated and published the title of “A 2-year locomotive exploration and scientific investigation of the lunar farside by the Yutu-2 rover” in the internationally renowned academic journal “Science Robotics”. and Scientific Exploration)” cover paper.

Fig. 2 Analysis of physical and mechanical properties of lunar soil based on “Yutu” 2 wheel-earth interaction

The team estimated the mechanical properties of the lunar soil based on the information on the interaction between the lunar rover wheel and the lunar surface and the ground mechanical model. The results show that the pressure-bearing properties of the lunar soil regolith are similar to the dry sand and sandy loam on the earth, and are similar to those in the American Apollo program. Compared with typical lunar soil, it has stronger pressure bearing characteristics. Large lumps of soil were observed adhering to the wheels of “Yutu 2” in images from different locations, while the wheels of “Yutu 2” basically had no clay phenomenon, indicating that the lunar soil cohesion near the landing area of Chang’e 4 is relatively large , the reason may be that it contains a higher proportion of aggregates, which makes soil particles more likely to agglomerate after being rolled by wheels.

Figure 3 The impact craters and rocks discovered by the “Yutu-2” observation

The research is based on my country’s lunar exploration missions and faces engineering scientific issues. The relevant results can provide theoretical and technical support for future lunar exploration missions. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51822502, 91948202, 41771488), the National Key Research and Development Program (2019YFB1309500), and the “111” Innovation and Talent Introducing Program (BP0719002). The link to the original publication of the results: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abj6660
At present, Chang’e-4 is on the 41st night of the moon. The rover has moved 1142.39 meters, and the two devices and one satellite are in good condition.

Images and visuals are from Chinese lunar exploration project CNSA- China National Space Administration also from their respectives…!

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #February2022 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring #LunaExploration recently discovered explorationally of macroscopic translucent glass globules Stalagmite detected..

February 21, 2022 kevinjamesngLeave a comment

As of Month of January 2022, The CNSA –China National Space Administration CLEP- China Lunar Exploration Program Belt and Road Initiative Lunar Mission……Chang’e-4 with Yutu two the Lunar rover still working exploring more than 1003.9 meters on the other side of the moon on the 103 Kilometers Diameter Von Karman Crater in which is least than two length by length fifty five Kilometers Hong Kong –Macau- Zhuhai Bridges …. Working Exploring the Crater on the other side of the Moon Chang’e Luna….

On the 19th February 2022 week Hong Kong SAR – Beijing Time CNSA CLEP – China National Space Administration –China Lunar Space Program has released the 23rd batch of scientific data released by Chang’e-4 this month’s data came relatively late, but the content is very rich. More than 240 photos include more than 30 color photos. The data collection time announced this time is during the day of the 27th month (2021.02.04~2021.02.19).

is in the last month day In , experts analysed a “milestone” shaped stone, which, in fact, wasn’t the only similarly shaped stone nearby. Just south of the “milestone”, there is another similar stone, which the driving team calls a “stalagmite”, the relationship between the two is marked in Figure 1 (map from Chapter 27 of the Driving Diary). The focus of this moon and day detection is on this “stalagmite”, and the specific process is full of twists and turns. It is recommended that you read the original text of “Driving Diary”. Data source: Lunar and Planetary Data Release System

At 4:32 on February 6 2022 Hong Kong SAR- Beijing Time, Yutu-2 successfully woke up and entered the 27th lunar day, during which it spent its third Spring Festival on the moon.

Last month, we detected the “milestone” rock. Once the news came out, it attracted the attention of scientists all over the world. Dan Moriarty, a researcher at NASA, said: “This rock sample has Similar to the shape of a shark fin, it’s definitely unusual. ” He said that both the shape of the shark fin, and the apparent bulge near the edge of the rock, indicate a very young geological age and a relatively short existence at the site where it was found. Clive Neal, a famous lunar expert at the University of Notre Dame in the United States, also expressed his views on the rocks. While the “milestone” has attracted the attention of the international aerospace science community, Chinese scientists are gradually unravelling the mystery of its identity.

Strange discoveries always come in pairs. Last month, the pilots found a “stalagmite” shaped stone standing in the south direction, similar to the “milestone” shape. The two echoed each other. Everyone decided to act immediately and explore again. “Stalagmite”.

The rhythm of the whole moon, day and morning was tight and orderly. After three moves, Yutu No. 2 arrived near the “stalagmite” before noon on the moon. At this time, the shadow of the car body blocked the target, and it seemed to persuade Yutu to take a nap and explore the “stalagmite” again. , we had to wait for the Yutu to wake up from the lunch break to continue the probe.

Under the scorching sun, Jade Rabbit spent its Spring Festival, and before the fifth day of the first lunar month, it started work early in the day and afternoon. The pilots controlled Yutu-2 to turn to the intended detection heading. According to the previous ground planning path deduction, the road detected at this time is flat, and the bright surface of the “stalagmite” should be able to enter the infrared field of view. However, the obstacle-avoidance images downloaded to the ground are full of artistic “alternation of light and dark”, which is different from the “simple and straightforward” that scientists hoped to be completely illuminated by sunlight.

There are so many exciting moments in lunar exploration. It is within reach, but it seems to be so far away. However, the pilots have been very patient in the long-term detection, and proposed three detection plans for the current situation: go straight ahead, detour to the southwest side of the “stalagmite”, and detour to the southeast to wait for next month’s detection.

Here are a few photos synthesized from the original images:
Figure 2: Color photos of the “Milestone” taken from a distance
Figures 3 and 4: The lunar image taken by Yutu-2 to the “Stalagmite” (you find the Chang’e-4’s photo) Is the lander yet?)
Figure 5: A close-up photo of the “stalagmite”

After repeated deductions and demonstrations, the last plan was not very feasible and was first excluded, and the remaining two plans entered the final PK. Drivers detour from the west side and the southeast side to verify the feasibility of the second option. Detouring from the southeast, there are many potholes along the way. After starting, Yutu No. 2 will step into the pit, which is more dangerous; while the west side seems to be flat along the way, but there is a large impact crater near the end position. Yutu No. 2 The No. 1 can only move around in a small area between the impact crater and the “stalagmite”. Not only is its range of activity severely limited, which may cause the solar wings to be blocked, but it must also return to the original path after detection, which is laborious and dangerous. After several rounds of calculation and demonstration, direct detection wins.

The pilots controlled the Yutu for the first attempt. The preliminary results show that the actual infrared field of view is about 4 cm away from the ideal field of view. The second time, everyone adjusted according to the suggestions of the scientists and tried again, but the results were still biased. The two failed attempts, and the time was approaching zero, and the station resources were almost exhausted. Facing the temptation of the mystery behind the moon, the pilots were still reluctant to give up and decided to try again. They urgently extended the measurement and control arc for an hour, adjusted the posture of the jade rabbit and probed again. With all the hard work, the images uploaded this time show that the infrared field of view finally accurately covers the narrow light of the “stalagmite” !

Those who travel a hundred miles are half and ninety. When it is unknown whether success or failure will come next time, persevering may be our only chance. This time Yutu No.2 and the pilots did it! Next time, would you like to challenge and persevere for your dreams?

Images and visuals are from CNSA- China National Space Administration also from their respectives…

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #January2022 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring- the latest scientific achievements of the Chang’e-4 neutral atom detector… #AstrophysicalJournalLetters…

January 21, 2022 kevinjamesngLeave a comment

As of the latest of the Change 4 lunar lander still constant working while Yutu 2 the lunar Rover takes a break after visiting it’ creative lunar rock art forming a Jade Rabbit snacking on lunar Carrot. The latest scientific achievements of the Chang’e-4 neutral atom detector嫦娥四号中性原子探测仪最新科学成果……

As we all know, the earth has a strong global magnetic field. When the solar wind “invades” the earth, a huge protective umbrella, the magnetosphere, will form around the earth, blocking most of the solar wind. Due to the lack of this global magnetic field and dense atmosphere on the moon, the lunar surface is directly exposed to the deep space, and the solar wind and the earth’s wind can directly bombard the lunar surface, producing various effects. The current data from China’s Chang’e, Japan’s Moon Goddess, India’s Chandrayaan-1, and the US Interstellar Boundary Probe show that about 0.1-1% of the solar wind protons in the general area will be scattered by the lunar surface, and 10-20% of the solar wind protons will be scattered with the lunar surface. After the action, it is converted into energy neutral atoms, and most of the remaining will be injected into the lunar soil to produce lunar water. Although the moon does not have a global magnetic field, there are many magnetic anomaly areas scattered on the lunar surface, and the magnetic field strength on the lunar surface is about several hundred nT. It can block part of the solar wind from bombarding the lunar surface, and the reflectivity of solar wind protons increases significantly in large-scale magnetic anomalies. Detecting energy-neutral atoms can reveal the microphysical mechanisms of the interactions between the solar wind, the Earth’s wind and the lunar surface, revealing small-scale features.

Fig. 1 Chang’e-4 landed on the Von Karman crater in the South Pole-Aiken Basin on the far side of the moon. The yellow area is the magnetic anomaly, and the red arrow represents the direction of the solar wind bombarding the lunar surface on the dark side.

On January 3, 2019, Chang’e-4 landed on the Von Karman impact crater in the South Pole-Aiken Basin on the far side of the moon, and the Neutral Atom Detector (ASAN) on the Yutu-2 lunar rover was energy neutral to the lunar surface for the first time on the far side of the moon. Atoms (ENA) make observations. Based on the analysis of the ENA energy spectrum obtained by ASAN from January 11, 2019 to October 12, 2020, the study found that in most lunar days, the ENA differential flux on the morning side is higher than that on the dusk side; The analysis of the observation data of the Atom Detector and the ARTEMIS satellite during the same period found that the differential flux of ENA in different energy ranges on the morning side and the dusk side is positively correlated with the solar wind state parameters such as flux, density and dynamic pressure. This is the first time to calculate the electrostatic potential above the magnetic anomaly using the observation data of neutral atoms on the lunar surface, updating the understanding of the interaction between particles and the magnetic anomaly. The results have extensive reference value for the study of solar wind, terrestrial wind and celestial bodies without atmosphere and global magnetic field (such as asteroids or comets).

Fig. 2 The electric field of charge polarization caused by the motion of protons and electrons, the electric field direction is upward.
The deceleration of solar wind protons is associated with magnetic anomalies.

The research results were published in Astrophysical Journal Letters, an authoritative magazine in the industry. The first author of the paper is Wang Huizi, a doctoral student in the Interaction Group of the Magnetosphere and the Solar Wind at Shandong University. Zhang Jiang from the Planetary Science Research Group, and the co-authors of the paper are from Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Peking University, Space Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Earth Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc.

众所周知，地球有着强大的全球磁场，太阳风“入侵”地球时，地球周围会形成一个巨大的保护伞——磁层，阻挡了绝大部分太阳风。而月球由于缺少这种全球磁场和浓密大气，月球表面直接暴露于深空中，太阳风、地球风可以直接轰击月表，产生各种各样的效应。目前来自中国嫦娥、日本月亮女神、印度月船一号以及美国星际边界探测器的数据表明，一般区域大约0.1-1%的太阳风质子会被月表散射，10-20%的太阳风质子与月表作用后转化成能量中性原子，剩下大部分会注入月壤产生月球水。虽然月球没有全球磁场，但在月表散落着多个磁场异常区，在月表磁场强度约几百nT，当太阳风与磁异常相互作用时，也会形成一个小保护伞——微磁层，也可以阻挡一部分太阳风轰击月表，太阳风质子的反射率在大尺度磁异常区明显增加。探测能量中性原子可以揭示太阳风、地球风与月表相互作用的微观物理机制，揭示其中的小尺度特征。

2019年1月3日，嫦娥四号着陆在月球背面南极-艾肯盆地冯•卡门撞击坑，玉兔二号月球车上的中性原子探测仪（ASAN）首次在月球背面对月表能量中性原子（ENA）开展观测。该研究在分析2019年1月11日至2020年10月12日ASAN获取的ENA能谱的基础上，发现大多数月昼中，晨侧ENA微分通量高于昏侧；结合嫦娥四号中性原子探测仪和ARTEMIS卫星同期的观测数据分析发现，晨侧和昏侧不同能量范围的ENA微分通量与太阳风状态参数如通量、密度及动压呈正相关关系。这是首次利用月表中性原子观测数据计算磁异常上方的静电势，更新了粒子与磁异常相互作用的认识。该成果对研究太阳风、地球风与无大气无全球磁场的天体（如小行星或彗星）具有广泛的参考价值。

该研究成果发表于业内权威杂志Astrophysical Journal Letters，该论文的第一作者是山东大学磁层与太阳风相互作用课题组博士生王慧姿，通讯作者为山东大学磁层与太阳风相互作用课题组长史全岐教授和行星科学课题组张江老师，论文的合作者来自于日本宇宙航空研究开发机构、北京大学、中科院空间中心、中科院地球所等。

Materials provided by: Wang Huizi素材提供：王慧姿

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #January2022 | #CLEP #ChinaLunarExplorationProgram -The third anniversary of the spirit of lunar exploration: the fourth phase of the lunar exploration project has been established, and the planetary exploration project will also start a new journey…..

January 12, 2022 kevinjamesngLeave a comment

During the week of the 12^th January 2022 in CNSA – China National Space Administration…. The third anniversary of the spirit of lunar exploration: the fourth phase of the lunar exploration project has been established, and the planetary exploration project will also start a new journey

Three years ago today, January 11, 2019, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council put forwarding forward a “lunar Spirit” Chang E IV in lunar exploration mission a complete success of his message: chasing the dream, the courage to explore , collaborative tackling, and win-win cooperation .

The sixteen-character lunar exploration spirit is an important part of the Chinese Communists’ spiritual pedigree. It is a vivid portrayal of the “two bombs and one star” spirit passed down from generation to generation, and it is also the winning code to support the six battles and six victories of the lunar exploration project. . The spirit of lunar exploration enriches the connotation of the space spirit in the new era, and brings together magnificent spiritual power for the space dream and the Chinese dream.

Since the CPC Central Committee decided to implement the lunar exploration project, it has adhered to “integrated research and demonstration”, “one-stop tackling key problems” and “drawing a blueprint to the end”, and successfully completed the three-step strategic plan of “circling, falling, and returning” as scheduled, and China’s lunar exploration began. The new chapter of human lunar exploration has made China’s contribution to the development of aerospace technology and space science.

Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the National Space Administration, said in an interview with a reporter from the Central Radio and Television Station that the country has approved the fourth phase of the lunar exploration project, and China Aerospace is embarking on a new journey of deep space exploration step by step.

The four follow-up missions of China’s lunar exploration project include the Chang’e 6, Chang’e 7 and Chang’e 8 missions, which will be implemented successively in the next ten years.

According to the plan, China will first launch the Chang’e 7 probe to the south pole of the moon. Then, the backup Chang’e 6, the backup of Chang’e 5, will be launched for sampling return at the south pole of the moon. After Chang’e 6, Chang’e 8 will be launched to establish the basic model of the lunar scientific research station.

Wu Yanhua said: These three missions are mainly led by China, and we are also planning to cooperate with Russia to build a basic type of lunar scientific research station to better explore the lunar environment and resources, including how to peacefully utilize and develop lunar resources, in order to lay a solid foundation.

Wu Yanhua believes that open cooperation is an important way to get to the center of the world aerospace stage. At present, my country has signed nearly 160 cooperation agreements with more than 60 countries and international organizations, which have created conditions for China’s aerospace industry to go out and lead the implementation of large scientific plans and large scientific projects in the lunar and deep space fields.

Wu Yanhua emphasized that the first Mars exploration mission that has been implemented is the pioneering work of China’s interplanetary exploration, and the following tasks are still very long-term.

The country has approved the planetary exploration project. The planetary exploration project includes the first Mars exploration mission of Tianwen-1, and the follow-up mission of asteroid attachment and sampling return, Mars sampling return and Jupiter system exploration. The planetary exploration project is scheduled to be completed in the next 10 to 15 years. At present, my country is still carrying out the demonstration of the strategic plan for the medium and long-term development of aerospace, such as the detection of the edge of the solar system.

The starry sky is vast, and there is no end to exploration. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and vigorously carry forward and practice the spirit of lunar exploration, Chinese astronauts will make new contributions at a new starting point, continuously promote the innovation and development of China’s aerospace industry, and achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement. Human beings make new and greater contributions to the peaceful use of space.

探月精神三周年：探月工程四期已立项，行星探测工程也将开启新征程

三年前的今天，2019年1月11日，中共中央、国务院、中央军委在探月工程嫦娥四号任务圆满成功的贺电中提出十六字“探月精神”：追逐梦想、勇于探索、协同攻坚、合作共赢。

十六字的探月精神，是中国共产党人的精神谱系重要组成部分，是“两弹一星”精神薪火相传、生生不息的生动写照，也是支撑探月工程六战六捷的制胜密码。探月精神丰富了新时代航天精神的内涵，为航天梦、中国梦汇聚磅礴精神力量。

党中央决策实施探月工程以来，坚持“一体化研究论证”“一条龙攻关攻坚”“一张蓝图绘到底”，如期圆满完成“绕、落、回”三步走战略规划，中国探月开启人类月球探测新篇章，为航天科技和空间科学的发展做出了中国贡献。

国家航天局副局长吴艳华在接受中央广播电视总台记者采访时表示，国家已批复探月工程四期任务，中国航天正在一步一个脚印开启深空探测新征程。

中国探月工程四期后续任务包括嫦娥六号、嫦娥七号和嫦娥八号任务，这三个任务将在未来十年之内陆续实施。

按照计划，中国将先发射嫦娥七号探测器去往月球南极。然后，发射嫦娥五号的备份嫦娥六号，进行月球南极的采样返回。嫦娥六号之后再发射嫦娥八号，建立月球科研站的基本型。

吴艳华表示：这3次任务主要由中国牵头，我们也准备联合俄罗斯建设月球科研站的基本型，来更好地探索月球的环境和资源，包括怎么和平利用开发月球资源，以期打下一个坚实基础。

吴艳华认为，开放合作是走近世界航天舞台中央的重要途径。目前我国已经和60多个国家和国际组织签订了近160份合作协议，这些都为中国航天走出去并引领月球以及深空领域大科学计划和大科学工程的实施创造了条件。

吴艳华强调，已经实施的首次火星探测任务，是中国行星际探测的开山之作，后面的任务还非常长远，这是全人类可能是未来几百年、几千年都要为之奋斗的事业。

国家已经批复了行星探测工程，行星探测工程包括天问一号首次火星探测任务，还包括后续要开展一次小行星的附着、取样返回探测任务，火星取样返回和木星系探测。行星探测工程计划在未来10到15年内完成。目前，我国还在进行航天中长远发展战略规划的论证，比如太阳系边际的探测等。

星空浩瀚无比，探索永无止境。在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指引下，大力弘扬和践行探月精神，中国航天人必将在新起点上再立新功，不断推进中国航天事业创新发展，实现高水平科技自立自强，为人类和平利用太空作出新的更大贡献。

来源：中国的航天 Source: China Aerospace

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #CLEP #January2022 | #VonKarmanCrater #LunarMission #Change4 #Yutu2 Lunar adventuring #LunaExploration 1003 Meters that #MysteriousHut appears to be Life like #JadeRabbit …

January 8, 2022January 8, 2022 kevinjamesngLeave a comment

In which the cumulative mileage of the Yutu-2 lunar rover exceeded the 1,000-meter mark, revealing the mystery of the “mysterious cabin”] On December 27, 2021, Yutu-2 will wake up and usher in the 38th day of work, and the goal is still to continue heading north . First, the stride Meteor moved three times, 7 meters, 9 meters, and 10 meters. The larger the stride, the total mileage reached 992.3 meters. At this time, there is only about 10 meters left from the “Mystery Cabin”. The mystery of the “hut” was lifted, and the drivers immediately arranged for a panoramic camera to perform color imaging, finally revealing its true appearance!

The “Mysterious Cabin” is like a lifelike rabbit, the scattered stones in front of the “Jade Rabbit” are like a carrot, and the round stone beads behind the “Jade Rabbit” are like the products of the “Jade Rabbit” after a meal. The scene in front of us is like a rabbit about to eat, and the picture is full of fun.

At noon on January 6, 2022, the pilots of Yutu No. 2 started the task of the day and afternoon of this month, but everyone worked tirelessly for more than ten hours. Near midnight, the cumulative mileage of Yutu finally broke through the 1,000-meter mark, reaching 1,003.9 meters!
The upcoming January 11, 2022 will be the third anniversary of the Chang’e-4 lander and Yutu-2 completing the mutual shooting of the two vehicles and the complete success of the mission. The latest mileage record is undoubtedly the longest nice gift.

Over the past three years, under the precise control of flight controllers, the Chang’e-4 lander, rover, and relay star have completed one arduous task after another, constantly breaking their own records on the way to the back of the moon, and continuing to explore the mysteries of the back of the moon. .
In the next day of the month, Yutu-2 will detect the target rock at close range and perceive the large impact crater behind it. We expect Yutu-2 to make more scientific discoveries.

Images and visuals are from CNSA- China National Space Administration also from there respectives…

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