Category: Luna Photography

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BRI #September2022 | #嫦娥五号#CLEP The #Moon #Change5 #LunarMission #MonsRumker #LunaExploration the New research achievements – Chinese scientists discover new minerals #Changesite on the moon for the first time for the #中秋節 #MidAutumnFestival 2022

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More than One year ago on 24th November 2020, the Chang Zheng – Long March Five Carrier Rocket Launched away  in CNSA – China National Space Administration China Wenchang spaceport launch, Change Five  Lunar probe into orbit, opened up towards China – People’s Republic of China’s first celestial bodies sample return trip from Mons Rumker on the Lunar Surface of the moon New research achievements – Chinese scientists reveal the composition of lunar soil minerals and space wind at the landing site of Chang’e 5

Chinese scientists discover new minerals on the moon for the first time ​​The autumn 9th September 2022  today, on the eve of the traditional Chinese festival Mid-Autumn Festival,  in which duration on the 10th  towards 13th  September 2022 the CNSA-   China National Space Administration and the National Atomic Energy Agency jointly released the latest scientific achievements of Chang’e-5. Dong Baotong, deputy director of the National Atomic Energy Agency, announced at the launch event that the new mineral discovered by Chinese scientists on the moon for the first time was named “Chang’e Stone”. This is a major scientific achievement my country has made in the field of space science, and it is also a successful exploration of cross-industry and cross-professional cooperation between nuclear and aerospace.

▲The position of Chang’e stone in the sample

“Chang’e stone” is a phosphate mineral in the form of columnar crystals found in lunar basalt grains. The innovative team of CNNC Beijing Institute of Geology, through a series of high-tech means such as X-ray diffraction, isolated a single crystal particle with a particle size of about 10 microns from 140,000 lunar sample particles, and successfully deciphered it. its crystal structure. Confirmed as a new mineral by voting by the International Mineralogical Society (IMA) New Mineral Classification and Nomenclature Committee (CNMNC). This mineral is the sixth new mineral discovered by humans on the moon, and my country has become the third country in the world to discover new minerals on the moon after the United States and Russia.

▲Microscope photos of lunar samples
▲Scanning electron microscope photo of Chang’e stone and symbiotic minerals

On December 17, 2020, Chang’e 5 returned to Earth with 1,731 grams of lunar samples. The National Space Administration has completed the distribution of 152 lunar samples in four batches totaling 53,625.7 mg, and 98 applicants from 33 scientific research units have passed the application. The fifth batch of lunar samples is being reviewed and will be released according to procedures. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Natural Resources, China National Nuclear Corporation and other units have been approved to undertake lunar sample research work, and foreign scientists and students have also participated in the joint research. At present, the latest achievements have been made in magma differentiation, space weathering, helium-3 gas and bioenergy conversion, etc., which are useful for understanding the origin and evolution of the moon, exploring the effective use of lunar resources, and realizing “zero energy” extraterrestrial environment and life. The support system has important implications

▲Chang’e Stone Structure The National Space Administration and the National Atomic Energy Agency, as the competent government departments in China’s aerospace and nuclear fields, have always adhered to the principles of “innovative leadership, collaborative efficiency, peaceful development, cooperation and sharing”, adhering to the concept of peaceful use of space and peaceful use of nuclear energy , continue to be committed to the integration of aerospace technology and nuclear technology, continue to explore scientific frontiers in deep space exploration and nuclear technology applications, and make new contributions to promoting the development of science and technology, the emergence of scientific achievements and international cooperation. .

Via CNSA China Space Administration –CLEP China Lunar Exploration project management office

#MadeInChina #中國製造 #ExPace | #June2022|#西昌衛星發射中心 #XichangSatelliteLaunchCenter | #CASIC Rocket Technology Company #Expace #PrivateChineseSpaceCompany #Wuhan #CarrierRocketCompany #CarrierRocket #Kuaizhou 1A #KX1A Launches successfully to deploy of the a #Chuangxin 16 #Innovation  #ExperimentalSatellite  #Satellite …

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During today on 23RD August 2022  at 1036 Hong Kong SAR- Beijing Time  launching from one of many complexes Xichang Satellite Launch Center Sichuan Province, China – People’s Republic of China on中國製造 Expace Technology Corporation, , the Kuaizhou No. 1A solid carrier rocket ignited and lifted off at the Chuangxin 16 – Innovation test satellite into the air. The satellite successfully entered the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was a complete success. The satellite is mainly used to carry out experiments such as space environment detection….

The satellite successfully entered the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was a complete success. The satellite is mainly used for scientific experiments, new technology verification and other fields. This mission is the 16th flight of the Kuaizhou-1A carrier rocket.

Chuangxin No. 16 A and B double satellites were developed by the Institute of Microsatellite Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and are mainly used to carry out new technology verification experiments. …..

The Kuaizhou-1A rocket is a small solid launch vehicle launched by the Rocket Company of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Limited. It has high flight reliability, high precision into orbit, short preparation period, less guarantee demand, and low launch cost Features.

Currently at the moment中國製造 Expace Technology Corporation- a CASIC -China aerospace science and industry corporation has been very busy in building a New Carrier Rocket Factory in Wuhan National Aerospace Industrial Base in which the base will be in operations in May 2020   Kuaizhou Rocket Industrial Park that forms the manufacturing of twenty plus more Kuaizhou Rockets also its other sister larger carrier rockets in process of The assembly test capability of 20 solid launch vehicles……

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#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BRI #August2022 | #嫦娥五号#CLEP The #Moon #Change5 #LunarMission #MonsRumker #LunaExploration the New research achievements – Chinese scientists reveal the composition of lunar soil minerals and space wind at the landing site of Chang’e 5…

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More than One year ago on 24th November 2020, the Chang Zheng – Long March Five Carrier Rocket Launched away  in CNSA – China National Space Administration China Wenchang spaceport launch, Change Five  Lunar probe into orbit, opened up towards China – People’s Republic of China’s first celestial bodies sample return trip from Mons Rumker on the Lunar Surface of the moon New research achievements – Chinese scientists reveal the composition of lunar soil minerals and space wind at the landing site of Chang’e 5

China – People’s Republic of China’s first lunar sampling return mission, Chang’e-5 (CE-5), landed on the young KREEP terrane Mons Rumker in the northern part of the Ocean of Storms, and successfully brought back 1731 grams of lunar soil.

 Predecessors have used orbital remote sensing data to conduct extensive research on the topography and material composition of the CE-5 landing area. Recently, a series of sample analyses have advanced the understanding of lunar chronology, late lunar volcanism, and magma evolution mechanisms. Different from large-scale remote sensing observation and fine sample analysis, in situ spectral detection can not only provide local background information of the sampling area, but also be beneficial to study the characteristics of lunar soil in undisturbed and disturbed states. The Lunar Mineral Spectrometer (LMS) carried by the CE-5 lander acquired the visible-infrared reflectance spectrum of the lunar soil, which provided important data support for the study of the material composition of the lunar soil and space weathering.

Researchers from the Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather of the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the “Space Center”) used the Chang’e-5 LMS in situ detection data to analyse the material composition and maturity, spectral parameters and unmixing of the lunar soil at the landing site The study shows that the mafic minerals in the lunar soil are mainly clinopyroxene, which is consistent with the chemical analysis and orbital spectral analysis results of the CE-5 sample in the laboratory.

The optical maturity and submicroscopic iron (SMFe) of the lunar soil did not change significantly before and after the rocket purge and shovel sampling. This study provides spectral evidence that the lunar soil surface experienced rapid tillage and adequate mixing.

Figure 1: (A) The measured field of view of the LMS spectral data is shown in the red box. Panoramic cameras show images of (B) lunar soil and (C) rocks, respectively. (D) LMS reflectance spectrum curve.

The red box in Figure 1A shows the observation field of LMS spectral data, where D11 is the rock block, and D14-D16 are the lunar soil spectra after shovelling. The magnified images of lunar soil and rocks are shown in Figure 1B and C, and Figure 1D shows the reflectance spectrum curve after preprocessing such as radiometric calibration and thermal correction.

Through the spectral parameter map of the absorption features at 1 μm and 2 μm (Fig. 2A), it was found that with the increase of calcium content, the absorption positions of pyroxene at 1 μm and 2 μm moved to the long-wave direction, and the lunar soil and rocks at the CE-5 landing site For high-calcium pyroxene, this is further confirmed in the 1 μm absorption center and the ratio projection of the 2 μm to 1 μm absorption area (Fig. 2B).

In this study, the Hapke model and the sparse unmixing algorithm were used to invert the mineral composition and abundance of the in situ spectra. The inversion results were consistent with the analysis results of CE-5 samples and the inversion results of orbital remote sensing (Fig.

Figure 2: LMS in situ spectral composition analysis

Space weathering is a common phenomenon of spectral reddening and darkening caused by micrometeorite impacts and solar wind injection on non-atmospheric celestial bodies.

First, the maturity of the lunar soil at the CE-5 landing site was qualitatively analyzed by using the projection maps of the spectral slopes R950/R750 and R1600/R700 and R750 and R700 respectively (Fig. 3A, B). It was found that compared with the lunar soil at the CE-4 landing site, the The lunar soil in the CE-3 and CE-5 landing areas is relatively immature, which may be related to the fact that CE-3 and CE-5 landed on a young impact crater sputter carpet (<100 Ma).

This study further calculated the optical maturity (OMAT, Fig. 3C) and submicroscopic iron (SMFe, Fig. 3D) content, and found that there was no significant change in lunar soil maturity before and after the rocket purge, and before and after scooping, indicating CE-5 landing The lunar soil in the district has experienced an equivalent exposure history within the scooping depth (<3cm).

This result is consistent with the radionuclide analysis results of the Apollo drilling samples and the simulation results of the lunar soil tillage model. This study provides spectroscopic evidence that the lunar soil surface undergoes rapid tillage and adequate mixing.

Figure 3: LMS In Situ Spectral Maturity Analysis

Space weathering is a common phenomenon of spectral reddening and darkening caused by micrometeorite impacts and solar wind injection on non-atmospheric celestial bodies.

First, the maturity of the lunar soil at the CE-5 landing site was qualitatively analyzed by using the projection maps of the spectral slopes R950/R750 and R1600/R700 and R750 and R700 respectively (Fig. 3A, B). It was found that compared with the lunar soil at the CE-4 landing site, the The lunar soil in the CE-3 and CE-5 landing areas is relatively immature, which may be related to the fact that CE-3 and CE-5 landed on a young impact crater sputter carpet (<100 Ma).

This study further calculated the optical maturity (OMAT, Fig. 3C) and submicroscopic iron (SMFe, Fig. 3D) content, and found that there was no significant change in lunar soil maturity before and after the rocket purge, and before and after scooping, indicating CE-5 landing The lunar soil in the district has experienced an equivalent exposure history within the scooping depth (<3cm).

This result is consistent with the radionuclide analysis results of the Apollo drilling samples and the simulation results of the lunar soil tillage model. This study provides spectroscopic evidence that the lunar soil surface undergoes rapid tillage and adequate mixing.

上述研究成果

已成功发表于国际权威学术期刊

Earth and Planetary Science Letters上。

Via CNSA China Space Administration –CLEP China Lunar Exploration project management office

#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #August2022 | #WenchangSpacecraftLaunchCenter #文昌航天發射場 | #ChinaSpaceStation #实验舱 #文天 #Wentian The very cute five meter smart #RoboticArm preparing for a #EVA #Spacewalk soon..

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On Hainan Province –China –People’s Republic of China…. in the district area of the Wenchang – Wenchang Spacecraft launch center in which the awesome team at one of many CNSA –China National Space Administration  that China National Space Administration…………… On 24th July 2022

After Wentian experimental module entered orbit, the status setting was successfully completed. At 3:13 on July 25, 2022, Beijing time, it was successfully connected to the forward port of 天和 Tianhe Core Module. The entire rendezvous and docking process lasted about 13 hours. . This is the first time that two 20-ton spacecraft in my country- China- People’s Republic of China have achieved rendezvous and docking in orbit. …According to the mission plan, the Shenzhou 14 Takionaut crew will then enter the Wentian experimental module….. In which finally docked in early morning time of the 25th July 2022 in with CNSA –Beijing Aerospace City in which co-ordinated the docking maneuverers have achieved rendezvous and docking in orbit.…   in which the crew of the Shenzhou 14 staying for six months in construction of the stage one of the China Space station with the additional Mengtian experimental module in which will be delivered on the October 2022 Launch Schedule calendar..

The Wentian six meter small robotic arm has been “online” on the 8th August 2022 in which The small robotic arm installed outside the Wentian experimental cabin module shoulders the heavy responsibility of independently completing the installation and replacement of extravehicular loads and other care operations. Recently, the small robotic arm successfully completed the on-orbit test with the support of the ground personnel. Let us look forward to its wonderful performance in the future!

Wentian experimental cabin small manipulator arm completed on-orbit test – Wentian experimental cabin small manipulator arm is more sophisticated, adopts a 7-DOF symmetrical configuration, and has an end effector at each end; its arm is nearly five meters long and can be effectively operated The space is about 5 meters, and the maximum load is 3 tons; it can be used alone or form a combined robotic arm with a large robotic arm; it supports astronauts’ out-of-vehicle activities, extravehicular status inspection, extravehicular cargo transfer and installation, extravehicular maintenance and repair, and load 6 application tasks including care and maintenance of optical facilities.

Yesterday on the 10th August 2022 practically On-orbit test of Chinese space station extravehicular arm recently, the Chinese space station extravehicular manipulator has carried out on-orbit test. At present, the space station assembly is in stable condition, and the Takionauts are in good physical and mental state, and they are preparing for the follow-up mission Space Walk EVA- Extravehicular Activities.

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#CNSA #ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration #国家航天局 |#BeltAndRoadinitiative #July2022 | #CMS #ChinaMannedSpace #CLEP #ChinaLunarExplorationProgram the Advance Next Generation #LunaMannedLanding #ChangZheng #LongMarch #CarrierRockets …..

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中国空间站 On currently on 29th July 2022 2022, the Belt and Road Initiative CNSA –China National Space Administration   on the currently developments of the  latest progress of China’s Chang Zheng – LongMarch manned lunar landing carrier  rockets Science and Technology Daily reporters learned from the First Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation on July 28 2022 that the 702 Institute of the Academy recently successfully completed the multi-machine parallel static-motion joint test of my country’s new generation of manned launch vehicles. It strongly supported the smooth transition of the development of this type of rocket to the initial stage.


The key point is in picture 1 also pictured on the header. The pull rods carrying 350 tons and the thrust of 2800 tons are installed in the 8 columns. Obviously, this test is the core stage (refer to Figure 2), and the thrust of the entire rocket (including the two boosters) is to transmit from this.


This is the new ultra heavy large Chang Zheng –Long March domestically made Carrier rocket that I am most looking forward to, and it is the key model for realizing the dream of manned lunar moon landing…..  

This test is an important test to verify the key technologies of multi-machine parallel connection and bottom-box force transmission of a new generation of manned launch vehicles. Wang Xiaohui, director of the 702 Institute, said that the successful completion of the test marks the first time that my country has broken through the large-load static-dynamic joint test technology. It is an important innovation in test methods and test capabilities. Solid foundation.


“This is the largest, most technically difficult, and most complicated test ever conducted in the field of mechanical testing in my country.” Zhu Xiquan, deputy chief designer of the 702 Institute, introduced that the test needs to break through the static thrust of multiple engines under actual flight conditions Combined loading with vibration load involves key test technologies such as vibration elastic boundary simulation, nearly 1,000-ton static load elastic loading, and multi-machine combined multi-dimensional vibration control and loading under large static load.

The new-generation manned launch vehicle base stage module has a diameter of 5 meters and is equipped with multiple 120-ton engines. Zhu Xiquan said that the high-thrust engine multi-machine parallel technology is the first time that my country’s launch vehicle has adopted it, which brings about the coupling effect of static and dynamic forces of complex structures and the nonlinear transmission problem under the action of combined loads. One of the key technologies to deepen research. In order to analyze and solve this problem and verify the effectiveness of the design scheme, the technical team designed and implemented the first multi-machine parallel static and dynamic joint test in my country.

Since 2019, the 702 Institute has demonstrated and determined the experimental technical plan with relevant units. According to the plan, the team successively broke through the key technologies required for the test, and this year developed a static and dynamic load consisting of 28 sets of 50-ton oil and gas support systems, multiple sets of 20-ton induction shaking tables and a set of 1,000-ton vibration elastic boundary systems. Combined loading test system…

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